tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-17783308416673630182024-03-13T22:57:56.291-07:00How to write an application essayThesis Statement Vs Topic Sentence In An EssayLouiseMartin904http://www.blogger.com/profile/17306636819628620311noreply@blogger.comBlogger36125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1778330841667363018.post-6549523485464766172020-08-25T23:53:00.001-07:002020-08-25T23:53:07.263-07:00Part I Root Attitudes and Beliefs Free EssaysWorldwide settings make explicit prerequisites for individual, hierarchical, social qualities. By and large, there are no restrictions to the perspectives individuals hold. Mentalities are found out all through life and are epitomized inside our socialization procedure. We will compose a custom paper test on Part I Root Attitudes and Beliefs or on the other hand any comparable subject just for you Request Now In the worldwide setting, some attiâ tudes might be integral to us â⬠a center develop â⬠which might be profoundly impervious to any change (maybe a strict conviction); while other, increasingly fringe attiâ tudes, may change with new data or individual encounters. An individual ought to be a proactive, which intends to be reaction to change making new information and discovering techniques for critical thinking. Responsive individual can't be imaginative which restricts its chances and keeps from self-improvement (Oden, 1997). In the work environment, there ought to be full and certifiable investment of staff worried as ahead of schedule as could be expected under the circumstances, ideally a long time before the real presentation of new gear or frameworks. An individual should focus on the underlying foundations of the issue so as to evacuate uncertainty and hesitation. It includes having an objecâ tive to accomplish and the trial of whether that goal is being accomplished or not structure the control measures. Choices include the future and include decision along these lines they can not be right (Cowen, 2002). 2. Accomplishing individual essentialness is another factor which guarantees self-improvement and development. Each individual is extraordinary character (Hill, Levenhagen, 1995). For example, from early years numerous business visionaries and imaginative individuals, specialists and performers uncover innovative aptitudes in various parts of life. Then again, analysts underline that these abilities can be prepared and created in numerous individuals disregarding their arrangements of qualities and nature. On the off chance that an individual comprehends his uniqueness, it makes new open doors for organizations. In worldwide settings, it is pivotal to discover the quintessence and significance of life. The vast majority not just accept that agonizing over troubles turns into a route not to stress (or even consider) other problems that need to be addressed; individuals likewise accept that numerous normal Amerâ ican worries about pressure are lost. On the off chance that an individual comprehends his ââ¬Å"divine roleâ⬠and acknowledges his predetermination, he gets patient to others attempting to apply general astuteness to life (Fitzsimmons, 1997). 3. To dispose of the negatives, each individual ought to create one of a kind understanding of ââ¬Å"a selfâ⬠and ââ¬Å"the pith of lifeâ⬠based all inclusive qualities and laws. All activities of individuals are pointed toward the positive, and reason for existing is in nature. This life theory liberates individuals from stresses (Gesteland, 1999). The states of plausibility, where such an actual existence can be endeavored to be lived, take the view that the foundations of the cutting edge state, as these are creating in the propelled social orders, do have the potential for pleasing a scope of circles of life, for example, private profound quality and financial action inside which independence could flourâ ish, yet which simultaneously are held inside a lot of political organizations fit for making sure about. Step by step instructions to refer to Part I Root Attitudes and Beliefs, Papers LouiseMartin904http://www.blogger.com/profile/17306636819628620311noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1778330841667363018.post-170377604137782202020-08-22T06:15:00.001-07:002020-08-22T06:15:12.772-07:00How Delegates to Presidential Conventions Are SelectedHow Delegates to Presidential Conventions Are Selected In the late spring of each presidential political race year, ideological groups in the United States regularly lead national shows to pick their presidential applicants. At the shows, the presidential up-and-comers are chosen by gatherings of agents from each state. After a progression of talks and exhibitions on the side of every applicant, the agents start to cast a ballot, state-by-state, for the competitor of their decision. The main contender to get a preset lion's share number of agent votes turns into the partys presidential up-and-comer. The applicant chose to run for president at that point chooses a bad habit presidential up-and-comer. Agents to the national shows are chosen at the state level, as per rules and recipes controlled by each political partys state board of trustees. While these principles and recipes can change from state-to-state and from year-to-year, there stay two strategies by which the states pick their representatives to the national shows: the council and the essential. The Primary In states holding them, presidential essential races are available to every enlisted voter. Much the same as when all is said in done decisions, casting a ballot is done through a mystery polling form. Voters may browse among every single enrolled applicant and compose ins are checked. There are two sorts of primaries, shut and open. In a shut essential, voters may cast a ballot just in the essential of the ideological group in which they enrolled. For instance, a voter who enlisted as a Republican can just cast a ballot in the Republican essential. In an open essential, enrolled voters can cast a ballot in the essential of either party, yet are permitted to cast a ballot in just a single essential. Most states hold shut primaries. Essential decisions additionally differ in what names show up on their voting forms. Most states hold presidential inclination primaries, in which the genuine presidential competitors names show up on the polling form. In different states, just the names of show delegates show up on the voting form. Agents may express their help for an applicant or proclaim themselves to be uncertain. In certain states, delegates are bound, or vowed to decide in favor of the essential champ in casting a ballot at the national show. In different states, a few or all representatives are unpledged, and allowed to decide in favor of any up-and-comer they wish at the show. The Caucus Gatherings are essentially gatherings, open to every single enrolled voter of the gathering, at which agents to the partys national show are chosen. At the point when the gathering starts, the voters in participation partition themselves into bunches as per the competitor they support. The unsure voters assemble into their own gathering and get ready to be sought by supporters of different up-and-comers. Voters in each gathering are then welcome to give talks supporting their competitor and attempting to convince others to join their gathering. Toward the finish of the assembly, party coordinators include the voters in every up-and-comer gathering and figure what number of representatives to the area show every up-and-comer has won. As in the primaries, the gathering procedure can create both promised and unpledged show delegates, contingent upon the gathering rules of the different states. How Delegates are Awarded The Democratic and Republican gatherings utilize various strategies for deciding what number of representatives are granted to, or promised to decide in favor of the different up-and-comers at their national shows. Democrats utilize a relative strategy. Every competitor is granted various delegates in relation to their help in the state gatherings or the quantity of essential votes they won. For instance, think about a state with 20 agents at a law based show with three up-and-comers. In the event that up-and-comer A got 70% of all gathering and essential votes, competitor B 20% and up-and-comer C 10%, applicant A would get 14 agents, up-and-comer B would get 4 representatives and up-and-comer C would get two representatives. In the Republican Party, each state picks either the corresponding technique or a champ take-all strategy for granting delegates. Under the victor take-all strategy, the up-and-comer getting the most votes from a states gathering or essential gets the entirety of that states delegates at the national show. Key Point: The above are general principles. Essential and council rules and strategies for show delegate distribution contrast from state-to-state and can be changed by party authority. To discover the most recent data, contact your states Board of Elections. 2020 National Nominating Conventions: Dates and Sites The 2020 Democratic National Convention will be held from July thirteenth to sixteenth, 2020, at the Fiserv Forum in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Since by custom, the show of the gathering as of now holding the White House is held after that of the contradicting party, the 2020 Republican National Convention will be hung on August 24th to 27th, 2020, at the Spectrum Center in Charlotte, North Carolina. LouiseMartin904http://www.blogger.com/profile/17306636819628620311noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1778330841667363018.post-25789025924566797582020-08-11T05:29:00.001-07:002020-08-11T05:29:05.465-07:00Capital PunishmentCapital Punishment Capital Punishment HomeâºControversial PostsâºCapital Punishment Controversial PostsDeath penalty also known as capital punishment has imposed a heated and long lasting debate on whether it should be eliminated from the judicial system or continue being incorporated. A couple of the countries in the entire world are employing it as a mechanism to eradicate crime, violence and terrorist attacks. America is no exemption. Under its constitution America still holds the opinion that certain crimes should be punished using the capital punishment. In respect to the American history, capital punishment was only legal until 1972 where thereafter it was declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court. In 1976 it was again reinstated in the new constitution by the Supreme courts, but at this point in time most of the nations declined the adoption of capital punishment in their subsequent constitutions. The integration of capital punishment in the constitution of most of the nations has brough t in an impassionate debate whether it is operative to use capital punishment in punishing for certain offences.The debate also revolves around whether it should be âan eye for an eyeâ for a crime committed or the sanction of death penalty is wrong. These two facets have been the main contributing factors in establishing this heated debate between all the stakeholders in the political arena and the judicial system of most of the nations in the world. But we as rational beings should aim at establishing how effective is the use of capital punishment in reinstating the morals in our society. We should ask ourselves the question; does it contravene the moral obligations of the society in terms of restoring the human dignity and value? With this in mind we should be in a position to have a wide perspective in analyzing this issue so as to evaluate its effectiveness in rehabilitating good morals in the society without inflicting more problems to other people.Punishment is used as a m echanism of reinstating good behavior in the members of the society. It should be inflicted in accordance to the values, norms and belief of the society where the majorly opinion is taken into account. However, the problem arises when people hold different opinion about the way the sanction is imposed on the offender. Some may feel that it is not appropriately impacted to deter the occurrence of crime in future whereas others may feel that it contravenes with the moral obligation of protecting human life. Whether people will hold different opinion about capital punishment it should be abolished and eliminated from the judiciary system in the nation. Have you ever thought the negative implications that accrue from capital punishment either socially, economically and psychologically to both the society and individual? These are some of the questions that will help us understand the preference of life imprisonment in relation to death penalty and also the reason why it should be abolis hed. Death penalty should be abolished on the opinion that:It is expensive in nature: The amount of money that is used to house an inmate who is on death row is 2 to 5 times more than the expense incurred in housing an inmate who has been sentenced to life imprisonment. The expense results from the legal procedure that should be followed when dealing with capital offences cases. This involves the process of pre trials and appeals of the capital offender courts. According a report released by IDP (2009), it indicated that the government of America incurs an expense of about $63.3 million dollars in housing death row inmates every year. Do we imagine how much effect that has on the economic development of our nation? The government should use such lump sum of money in investing in other projects that are more profitable than housing death row inmates in prisons. They money may be used to improve the education system and also embark on establishing programs that will reduce crime in th e nation.Death of innocent people: Capital punishment has led to death of innocent people. There are many innocent people who have been executed on death penalty for the mistakes that they never committed. The judicial system in most of the countries is not in a stable position to handle matters that deal with capital punishment. These countries are also compelled with lack of adequate trained personnel as well as enough resources to deal with such cases. The problem has been made worse with the issue of corruption which has paved its way through all the arms of the government. The legal system has been turned out to be machine that is operated on flawed mechanism yet the government allows it to be used in restoring fair justice and order to the people.A good example is the cases of Nathos Field who was among the 120 death row inmates who escaped the wrath of death penalty by a whisker. In his case he was given another trial after it was realized that the judge who had sentenced him to death penalty had been bribed $10, 000 dollars. Consequently, the accused judge was sentenced to six months imprisonment for committing such a crime. Was this fair in relation to the defender? This means that the life of an innocent man was going to be terminated in exchange of $10, 000. How many such cases take place behind the scenes without being mentioned? How many more men are we going to lose through the fraud judicial system in the name of capital punishment? It is with respect to this draw backs that capital punishment should be abolished from the legal and another kind of punishment be reinstated in place.Ineffectiveness in deterring crime: The ideas and notions that capital punishment is the most appropriate punishment imposed on the criminal offenders with the objective of deterring them from committing more crime in the society are misinformed and often not the case. In some instances it has turned out that instead of deterring crime from occurring it accelerat es the act. After a death penalty has been executed it may trigger more criminals act committedly with the aim of revenging against the government on behalf of those who have been executed. A good example it what happened after Saddam Hussein was sentenced to death penalty by the American government in 2005. For the subsequent years there have been more terrorists and threat attacks directed to the American government from other malicious groups that aim at taking vengeance. When the court states that one should be sentenced to death penalty it does not solve any problem but it worsens the situation (McClellan, G., 1961). Capital penalty is also ineffective in the way it is carried out. The process involves a long and tiresome judicial procedure that should be followed to the later. This in turn means that the death row inmate will spend more time in prison before being persecuted thus making them to suffer more psychologically.The moral Argument: Life is the most valuable attribute that is accorded to every human being by God and no man whatsoever has the right to take another personâs life (Richard 2007). Society formulates laws to protect human life but it is quite ironical and hypocritical that the same society instead of protecting the human life it propels the inhumane act through death penalty. The judicial system has been obliged to execute the life of the offenders who commit criminal offences. Furthermore, itâs validity in protecting human life is a question that imposes another heated debate as it may lead to execution of innocent people. It is therefore an obligation of all people to uphold the moral attributes imposed to them by God in protecting human life.Psychological effects: Death penalty leads to stress and psychological torture to both the offender and his family hence interfering with their normal functioning. It is one of the most difficult moments in the life of the offenderâs family because they have to withstanding the emotional feeling that come with appeals and eventually the real execution of their beloved one. It is so painful to lose one of your beloved family members in such a case (Layson,2005). While the other family is happy that justice has been attained it is causes more suffering to the defenders family. The situation becomes worse if it is realized later that the victim was innocently convicted by the law thus causing more hatred and seek for revenge from the offended family. Will this solve any problem or develop a vicious cycle of violence? The wrangles and quarrels that crop out of such hatred will contaminate the good reputation oneâs family had before the revenge took place.Its effectiveness in rehabilitating: Sentencing the offender to life time imprisonment is more effective in rehabilitating good morals to the individual than death penalty. The fundamental goal of punishment is to assist the victim come to realization of their mistakes and to inculcate skills and knowledge that will aid them in developing themselves at a personal level. When one is executed through the capital punishment it does not add any value to the offender or the society because the victim is not given time to reflect on their behaviors. Through the process of internal reflection the offender is in a position to change for the better hence taking part in developing the nation. At the same time it impacts others who may be of similar conduct to change their behavior and engage in constructive activities.Judicial biasness in execution: Often, capital punishment is imposed unfairly and in a biased manner to different people in the World. Some people depending on their social economic status are treated unfairly by the judges thus convicting many innocent and poor people to death penalty. There have been many incidences where offenders have escaped the wrath of conviction of committing capital offences because they bribed the judge. The implication of such action is that the defender who com es from a low economic class ends up in jail for tarnishing the offenders name in the public. In a report released by the Joshua Marquis, J.D. (2007) indicated that about 43 per cent of the death row inmates convicted for capital punishment were American-Africans. This portrays the level of discrimination that does exist in different walks of people that in turn jeopardize the judicial system.Poverty: Capital punishment has been found out to escalate the level of poverty in the society. The government incurs a lot of expenses in housing the death row inmates compared to when such amount of money is used in other profitable projects. The money can be used to improve the state of infrastructure through constructing of roads, improving the living standards of its people through establishment of industries, building of more learning institutions, just to mention but a few. This is one of the contributing factors that have led to low economic development in most of the third world countr ies. This in return has a negative implication on the nationâs economy. Looking it from another perspective the victim of death penalty in most cases is the sole bread earner of the family.This will mean that the family will lavish in poverty because they would not have anyone to provide the basic needs of the family thus living in poor conditions. On the other hand if the offender is sentenced for life imprisonment it will mean that some skills and knowledge will be impacted on him or her which in turn will help in eradicating poverty from the society. Some of the inmates have started small scale businesses that are faring on so well. This in turn has helped them to improve their living conditions as well as improving the economic state of the nation. It is evident enough that death penalty has less merits in restoring the moral values in the society compared to the life imprisonment.Insight of the exemption cases: In some circumstances victims of death penalty are convicted of c ommitting capital offence under unclear circumstances. Some due to passion they are unable to control themselves therefore compelling them in committing such crimes. A good example is the case where a police officer shoots a criminal in front of his son. The son due to the pain and emotional feelings of his father commits another crime by shooting the police officer. According to the law the son is convicted of committing capital offence which should be charged with death sentence. In such cases is the judicial system fair in prosecuting the victim? If this is the case it means that many people are going to be killed under unclear situations.Some of the crimes that we do commit are out of our making and in that context we have less control of them happening. Just on the same point some people are born with some mental or biological impairment that makes them engage in such crimes as rape, murder, violence and kidnapping. According to the law such people should be convicted of commit ting of capital offences which should be charged of death penalty but in reality the underlining reason has not resolved in any way (Young, 83). Because it is not their own wish to commit such crimes but an internal or external attribute that outweighs their superego. In such cases victims should be placed under special programs such as counseling and rehabilitation centers where they can be assisted and led to live a normal life.In conclusion the issue of death penalty will continue to raise more debate as long as sanctions and crime do exists in our society. Death penalty has been the main root course of the most of the problems that the entire world faces ranging from political, social and economically. It has led to death of innocent people, crime increase, poverty, psychological torture, and ineffectiveness in its application, just to mention but a few. Countries across the globe have been reconsidering their constitutional grounds on capital punishment and some have actually a bolished the sentence. LouiseMartin904http://www.blogger.com/profile/17306636819628620311noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1778330841667363018.post-7826717315663731022020-05-23T18:26:00.001-07:002020-05-23T18:26:04.157-07:00The Pros And Cons Of The Use Of Cell Phones While Driving It is known that the use of cell phones, specifically handheld use such as texting, while driving decreases driver awareness and the overall safety of roads. In response to this knowledge, some states have passed laws that have outlawed the use of handheld devices, and while there should be laws that definitively outlaw handheld usage, is there enough empirical evidence to outlaw hands free usage of cell phones? In other words, does hands free usage of cell phones, via bluetooth, speakerphone, etc., distract drivers enough to the point where states should legally ban the total use cell phones while driving? The following will introduce arguments for both sides of this topic, one for hands free cell phone usage and the other against cellâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Additionally, the cell phone group rated themselves worse in driving performance before and after the simulator. This indicates that driver performance is impaired by cell phone use and drivers generally know their drivin g is worse when using cell phones. Other evidence against hands free cell phone use while driving is simply that talking on hands free devices is just as bad as talking on handheld devices in relation to driver performance (Ishigami Klein, 2009). To determine this, Ishigami and Klein (2007) reviewed the results of several separate studies that investigated the impacts of handheld and hands free cell phone usage on the detection reaction times of drivers. These studies were: Abdel-Aty (2003), Burns et al. (2002), Consiglio et al. (2003), Haigney et al. (2000), McEvoy et al. (2005), Patten et al. (2004), Redelmeier and Tibshirani (1997), Strayer and Johnson (2001), Strayer, Drews, and Crouch (2006), and Tà ¶rnros and Boiling (2005, 2006). Consiglio et al. studied the effects of auditory distractions, such as cell phone, by measuring the reaction time of participants using a non-driving, braking task where participants released an accelerator and applied the brakes if a red light we re shown. The control group performed the task without auditory stimulation. Strayer and Johnson (2001) examined the effects of phone conversation onShow MoreRelatedCell Phones for Young People Useful or Distracting?1031 Words à |à 5 Pages There has always been controversy as to whether texting and cell phone use can cause young people to be less likely to be able to concentrate and focus. As young citizens we have the right to be able to own a cell phone and not be criticized using it for educational reasons. 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Also, ââ¬Å"Sextingâ⬠- the act of sending or receiving explicit pictures by cell phones is more LouiseMartin904http://www.blogger.com/profile/17306636819628620311noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1778330841667363018.post-86139606666169084942020-05-12T16:28:00.001-07:002020-05-12T16:28:03.565-07:00Bonuses Can Backfire - 1436 Words Case Incident 3 Bonuses Can BackFire. Question 1 In a competitive business climate, more business owners are looking at improvements in quality while reducing costs. Meanwhile, a strong economy has resulted in a tight job market. So while small businesses need to get more from their employees, their employees are looking for more out of them. Employee reward and recognition programs are one method of motivating employees to change work habits and key behaviors to benefit a small business. Although these terms are often used interchangeably, reward and recognition systems should be considered separately. 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Throughout the centuries people were trying to choose between profit and moral. Perhaps, some of them obtain both, but every time it could have roused ethical issues. Those issues concern fairness, justice, rightness or wrongness; as a result it can only be resolved according to ethical standards. Setting the ethical standardsRead MoreThe Average Cost Of Tuition1730 Words à |à 7 Pagesthe institution s main website and magazine. More than three quarters are also responsible for advertising, market research, video production, and student recruitment communicationsâ⬠(Goldsmith). It is believed that the amount spent on advertising can forecast a rise in tuition. ââ¬Å"Some experts on the economics of higher education also warn that marketing contributes to the continuing rise in college costsâ⬠¦colleges that spend more money on marketing are building in a layer of cost that would not otherwiseRead MoreApplication Of Game Thinking On Non Game Contexts1494 Words à |à 6 Pagesloyalty? And how can we use it retain more customers? Why Gamify Customer Retention? Gamification is the ââ¬Å"application of game-thinking in non-game contexts.â⬠We simply borrow the mechanics of traditional games and apply them to uncommon concepts, like customer retention. Acquiring new customers is expensive. So, reducing customer churn can greatly impact your companyââ¬â¢s financial health. A study in the Harvard Business Review noted that increasing customer retention by 5% can generate a 25%-95%Read MoreEssay on Student: Woodrow Wilson and Federal Government Jobs1461 Words à |à 6 PagesPresident Garfieldââ¬â¢s assassination? (One point) Pendleton Act, which meant that the federal government jobs were to be given based on superiority and throughout examination. What was meant by ââ¬Å"Rum, Romanism and Rebellionâ⬠? Why did this comment backfire on Republicans? (Three Points) comment made by Samuel Burchard, a protestant minister, that the Democratic part was Rum,Romanism and rebellion. This comment singled out mostly Irish Catholic men and created a stereotype and this pissed off the CatholicRead MoreHow Bad Is Favoritism in the Workplace?1809 Words à |à 7 Pagesharmony is endangered and team work is practically impossible. Worse, your worry that such preferential treatment of some co-workers may even translate to higher pay, bonuses and better career opportunities, may not be misplaced. By not treating everyone equally, a manager is fostering a sense of resentment and separation that can de-motivate employees and damage team unity. Also, by focusing attention on particular employees, it is easy to overlook growth opportunities and unique skill sets offeredRead MoreWill an Acquisition Help or Hinder Your Business? Essay1748 Words à |à 7 Pagesprofitability of your business overnight. It might allow you to take advantage of new economies of scale , or move into new areas. You might be able to acquire a bigger and better customer base, or strengthen your management team. But an acquisition can also bring problems, draining financial and management resources from your original business. You need to work out whether the acquisition will add value to your business, after making realistic allowances for all the hidden costs. To be successfulRead MorePerformance-Related Pay Essay examples1993 Words à |à 8 Pagesindividuals which are also in line with organisational goals to make sure incentive plans work effectively. Numerous researches have been conducted regarding the issue of the effectiveness of incentive plans. Some management experts suggested that incentives can be a powerful tool to motivate employees (Bennett, 1993) and Vroomââ¬â¢s (1964) expectancy theory indicated that pay for performance provides a direct and explicit link between performance and outcome, which fixed salary compensation does not. However, LouiseMartin904http://www.blogger.com/profile/17306636819628620311noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1778330841667363018.post-71188047638960292802020-05-06T12:39:00.001-07:002020-05-06T12:39:38.428-07:00Business Letters Free Essays A business letter is more formal than a personal letter. It should have a margin of at least one inch on all four edges. It is always written on 8à ½Ã¢â¬ x11â⬠³ (or metric equivalent) unlined stationery. We will write a custom essay sample on Business Letters or any similar topic only for you Order Now There are six parts to a business letter. 1. The Heading. This contains the return address (usually two or three lines) with the date on the last line. Sometimes it may be necessary to include a line after the address and before the date for a phone number, fax number, E-mail address, or something similar. Often a line is skipped between the address and date. à That should always be done if the heading is next to the left margin. It is not necessary to type the return address if you are using stationery with the return address already imprinted. Always include the date. 2. The Inside Address. This is the address you are sending your letter to. Make it as complete as possible. Include titles and names if you know them. This is always on the left margin. If an 8à ½Ã¢â¬ x 11â⬠³ paper is folded in thirds to fit in a standard 9â⬠³ business envelope, the inside address can appear through the window in the envelope. An inside address also helps the recipient route the letter properly and can help should the envelope be damaged and the address become unreadable. Skip a line after the heading before the inside address. Skip another line after the inside address before the greeting. 3. The Greeting. Also called the salutation. The greeting in a business letter is always formal. It normally begins with the word ââ¬Å"Dearâ⬠and always includes the personââ¬â¢s last name. It normally has a title. Use a first name only if the title is unclearââ¬âfor example, you are writing to someone named ââ¬Å"Leslie,â⬠but do not know whether the person is male or female. For more on the form of titles, see Titles with Names. The greeting in a business letter always ends in a colon. (You know you are in trouble if you get a letter from a boyfriend or girlfriend and the greeting ends in a colonââ¬âit is not going to be friendly.) 4. The Body. The body is written as text. A business letter is never hand written. Depending on the letter style you choose, paragraphs may be indented. Regardless of format, skip a line between paragraphs. Skip a line between the greeting and the body. Skip a line between the body and the close. 5. The Complimentary Close. This short, polite closing ends with a comma. It is either at the left margin or its left edge is in the center,à depending on the Business Letter Style that you use. It begins at the same column the heading does. The block style is becoming more widely used because there is no indenting to bother with in the whole letter. 6. The Signature Line. Skip two lines (unless you have unusually wide or narrow lines) and type out the name to be signed. This customarily includes a middle initial, but does not have to. Women may indicate how they wish to be addressed by placing Miss, Mrs., Ms. or similar title in parentheses before their name. The signature line may include a second line for a title, if appropriate. The term ââ¬Å"By directionâ⬠in the second line means that a superior is authorizing the signer. The signature should start directly above the first letter of the signature line in the space between the close and the signature line. Use blue or black ink. Business letters should not contain postscripts. A business letter is a formal communication from an organization to its customers, the general public for their information, another Company or the Authorities. It is often written in a standard format, and in formal language, compared to a private letter between two people who are well known to each other. Optional parts of a business letter Enclosure: The meaning of enclosure is to attach some documents with the letter. Enclosures are related documents sent with a letter such as; bills, cheques, quotations, brochures, price-lists etc. which have been mentioned in the letter and are sent as enclosures. The abbreviation of enclosure is ââ¬ËEncl.ââ¬â¢. it is not a regular part of the layout of a business letter. It is written only when some documents are to be sent with the letter. If there are many enclosures, they are numbered and placed behind the letter in the order of their serial number. It is written at the bottom left of the letter, after the signature. The enclosure line is very useful to the recipient of the letter. By reading the enclosure receiver comes to know that some more documents have been sent with the letter. If you wish the reader to return any of the documents, type/ Write RETURN after the item. Post Script: Postscript (postscriptum) or P.S. means something written outside the main script it is a bit of writing, not more than three lines, added to the letter after the signature and after enclosures. Writing a post script indicates that the writer had forgotten to include something important in the body of the letter or bit of information which is not a part of main message of the letter. It is often written in hand at the time of signing the letter. It is also used to add a friendly personal note to a formal letter. It enables the writer to establish personal contact. Superscription: In commercial correspondence the word superscription refers to anything that is written on the envelope. The meaning of subscription is ââ¬Å"Something written outsideâ⬠. As it is written outside, it includes the senderââ¬â¢s address and the recipientââ¬â¢s address as well. Sometimes in response to advertisements for jobs, candidates are advised to superscribe their applications. Identification line / Reference Initials: The reference initials refer to the person who has dictated the letter and the person who has typed out the letter. This line appears two spaces below the last line of the signature, on the left hand side of the paper sheet. In modern institutes the signatory may not be the person who has drafted the letter. The letter must have been typed out by the typist and it might be drafted by third person so identification line enables us to know the name of the person who has drafted the letter and the person who has typed out the letter. e.g. KMP/RJS The first initial is that of the person who has drafted the letter and the second one is the person who has typed out the letter. Identification is helpful if any disputes are found. So if there is any typographical error found out then the typist is to be held responsible. If there is any error regarding contain of the letter found out then the person who has drafted is to be held responsible How to cite Business Letters, Papers LouiseMartin904http://www.blogger.com/profile/17306636819628620311noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1778330841667363018.post-73595088263079999262020-05-02T22:07:00.001-07:002020-05-02T22:07:02.562-07:00Leadership and Management Business Characteristics Question: Discuss about the Leadership and Management for Business Characteristics. Answer: Week 2 - BSBLDR501 Develop and use emotional intelligence It began and became popular during the year 1995. He defined Emotional Intelligence as the idea of using the best characteristics, factors, values and skills as well as knowledge to enhance business performance and especially management (O'Boyle et al 2011). His EI model was called the Mixed Model whereby he came up with five main components which are: Self-regulation, internal motivation, social skills and empathy. Furthermore, Daniel decided to accompany every EI component to an employees emotional competence which is naturally possessed (Joseph et al, 2010). Apart from coming up with the model, he also came up with two of his own measuring tools which are: Emotional Competency Inventory (ECI) or the Emotional Social Competency Inventory (ESCI) and the Emotional Intelligence Appraisal (Joseph et al, 2006). Task 2: Personality Based Emotional Intelligence Test (MEIT) (5 marks) From the results of the test, there are four EI Descriptors i.e. they are: Self-awareness which seems to be the most important of them all whereby I scored 7 points. This means knowing your own personality more than anybody else and especially emotionally. Self-management which comprises of self-control, transparency and adaptability. For this I scored 8 points. Social awareness which comprises of empathy, organizational awareness and service orientation whereby I score 9 points. Relationship management that involves things that are related to the external environment or the outside of ones personality where I scored 5 points. Week 3 3: Emotional Intelligence Case Study (5 marks) 1.The employees are showing the emotional stress of losing their values or even skills and losing their jobs in case the bank business operations are changed by Mark. 2.Emotionally effective people are the people who are productive or efficient even with their emotions being put on the line. They value their business goals and objectives more than their personal emotional feelings and disturbances. 3. If I were Mark I would not try to change the banking operations so very fast before I get to understand the previous leadership skill and effects to the banking performance and to employees EI. I would also make sure that all the employees are in line, participating and in agreement especially when it comes to the business changing its emotional intelligence. Any business management needs this group of people because they are most likely going to achieve in or on time and the chances of them achieving the set goals and objectives are very high. The reason is because these are people are more focused towards the businesss goals than anything else. Max would have drafted a memo for each employee or for each banking department to announce the meeting place, time and the length of time it would take. However, he would also have communicates much earlier accompanied by its agendas so that the employees can prepare for it psychologically and physically too. By doing this he would have given time to think about the meetings agenda and also participate in the decision making and give their ideas and views. Week 4 4: Develop a workplace procedure for any one of the following organization. Use a Minimum of 8 bullet points to write the procedure. (10 marks) These include the rules and policies that may be involved in retail store that deals with clothing. Greeting customers and giving the details of the products, prices, features, benefits and the store as a whole. Assembling the cloths inside the store during closing hours (those that were in the display) and taking out for display during opening hours. Maintaining the payments records. Maintaining the clothing inventory. Being aware of the customers actions while in the store. Working with computers and other electronic machines. Ensuring that the store is safe done especially by store security guards. Keeping the store clean, arranged and tidy always to attract more customers. Keeping the stores accounts and financial statements correct and updated as expected by the management. Week 5 5: Scenario based case studies on ethical values and cultural diversity. (10 marks) 1.As an employee, I would go for the game because it was simply an offer that I did not ask for. For instance, I may or may not have done something for the private organization but because it is an offer and not a gift, reward, payment for or bribe then I would join them. However, if it is negatively related to my current organization or job or if the offer comes with any ties and conditions besides just watching the game then I would not take the offer. Furthermore, I would try to my best capability not to combine my personal issues and enjoyment together with my professional responsibilities and duties. Therefore if the offer seems casual then it will remain casual and if professional and independent from my current job or organization then I would take the offer. 2.If I were the manager to these employees, I would make sure that they are able to keep their personal enjoyment aside from their professional responsibilities. In addition to that I would ensure that if the game is to be watched for the benefit of the organization then that is done but if it is for personal importance and benefits then there no organizational funds that are to be used. Also, I would ensure that the cost of the game is worth the spending and not spent in an extravagant manner. Section 2 1.The issue is that the organization does not seem to higher employees from different cultures like the Indians. Also when it comes to the organizational parties, the foods for the minority cultures are not available. 2.If I were the organization manager I would make sure that all cultures from all over the country are represented and respected as they are. In addition to that I would make sure that in every traditional organizational party, every cultures traditions are respected and the foods are available. 6: Workplace diversity: Legislation, rules, codes of practices and business policies. 1.Direct Discrimination-Not allowing Africans to invest in a European Investment Organization Indirect Discrimination-Putting up tough laws that will discourage Africans from investing in a European Investment Organization. 2.Australian Laws Racial Discrimination Act of 1975 Sex Discrimination Act of 1984 Australian Human Rights Commission of 1986 Australian Capital Territory Act- Discrimination Act of 1991 Disability Discrimination Act of 1992 Fair Work Act of 2009 3.I would ensure that all those laws are adhered to by all the employees and especially the management as a whole. Week 6 7: Case Study: Performance plan and KPIs to improve team performance. (10 marks) 1.Document performance issues or the concern itself- This generally involves keeping a clear and detailed record of the employees performance (Adan et all, 2011). This will help the supervisor to monitor, evaluate and analyze the areas that need some improvement. Develop an action plan-This includes coming up with the exact schedule in terms of time, goals and objectives among other needs to be able to implement the performance action (McCutcheon, et all, 1993). Review the performance plan-This should be where the supervisor or employees themselves have a look and read the details of the performance plan together with the manager for him or her to verify its effectiveness and efficiency to the organizations goals and objectives. Schedule a meeting with the employee-The supervisor should set a meeting to give, give a hint and coach the employee in question (Ali, 2013). Do some follow-ups-This is whereby the supervisor makes frequent visits to the employee to check on the progress and proceeds of the plan (Voss et all, 2002). By doing this they will be able to correct them whenever they wrong as early as possible so that they do not mess anything up anymore and if they do it so that it can be meaningless (Skokan et all, 2013). PIP Conclusion- whereby the employee chooses either to rectify or not to rectify their mistakes or performances. Therefore, if an employee does not correct his or her performances then they are likely to get worse and therefore loss to the whole organization (Payangan et all, 2016). Therefore, when an organization employees undergo the above process, they are most likely going to improve or even be better and therefore will retain their old jobs. 2.Key Performance Indicators for a call center Call handling time First call resolution Transfer rate Time to answer Abandon time Idle time Hold time 3.I would ensure that the inputs and the directors are completely independent from each other i.e. none that relies on the other. Also I would ensure that there is perfect trust between the management, input producers and the directors to enable good and smooth operations. Task 8: Case Study: Supporting team performance (5 marks) 1.Groups that are well talented perform less than those that are less talented because of the pressure and desire for each of them to implement their own idea and skill in the group activity rather than coming together as one and agreeing on just one thing. 2.Group Apollo believed that they were the best and could do better on their own without the help of the others. Also they were so confident with themselves, their ideas and views and knew that they were more talented than the others. 3.Manchester United Football Team 4.If I were the coach for Manchester United Team, I would ensure that all the team members are well aware of the overall goals and objectives of the team and are focused and working towards achieving them. I would help them accept each others ideas and opinions on different issues and know that they are all matter when making the teams decisions. References O'Boyle, E. H., Humphrey, R. H., Pollack, J. M., Hawver, T. H., Story, P. A. (2011). The relation between emotional intelligence and job performance: A meta?analysis.Journal of Organizational Behavior,32(5), 788-818. Joseph, D. L., Newman, D. A. (2010). Emotional intelligence: an integrative meta-analysis and cascading model.Journal of Applied Psychology,95(1), 54. Ali, A. (2013). How to differentiate between Leadershipand ManagementFunction in Organization: A Review of Scholarly Thoughts.International Journal of Economics Business and Management Studies,2(1), 38-44. McCutcheon, D. M., Meredith, J. R. (1993). Conducting case study research in operations management.Journal of Operations M, 11(3), 239-256. Adan, I., Bekkers, J., Dellaert, N., Jeunet, J., Vissers, J. (2011). Improving operational effectiveness of tactical master plans for emergency and elective patients under stochastic demand and capacitated resources.European Journal of Operational Research,213(1), 290-308. anagement, 11(3), 239-256. Skokan, K., Pawliczek, A., Piszczur, R. (2013). Strategic planning and business performance of micro, small and medium-sized enterprises.Journal of Competitiveness,5(4). Payangan, O. R., Taba, M. I., Pabo, M. I. (2016). Factors Affecting the Business Performance of the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in Creative Economic Sector in Makassar, Indonesia. Voss, C., Tsikriktsis, N., Frohlich, M. (2002). Case research in operations management.International journal of operations production management, 22(2), 195-219. LouiseMartin904http://www.blogger.com/profile/17306636819628620311noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1778330841667363018.post-32322500975454910492020-03-24T13:53:00.001-07:002020-03-24T13:53:02.983-07:00Why Abortion Is Immoral An Argumentative Analysis Essay ExampleWhy Abortion Is Immoral: An Argumentative Analysis Essay The argument on the immorality of abortion is a long standing philosophical discourse which opens itself to numerous discussions or even attacks. That the pro-choice and anti-abortionists stances stand or fail is based on the strength or weakness of the otherââ¬â¢s claim against the other and vice versa. The morality or immorality of abortion, however, leaves an open question which also leaves the partisans reflecting on whether or not there can be a clear and evident claim of its morality or immorality, wrongness or otherwise. Don Marquisââ¬â¢ ââ¬Å"Why Abortion is Immoralâ⬠(1989) is an argumentative essay that attempts to dissect the assumptions for and against abortion with the end view of presenting an alternative proposition that generally sets up a discussion that abortion is seriously immoral. This essay seeks to further dissect Marquisââ¬â¢ work and critically analyze his propositions and arguments to present its successes and failures in defending its own thesis. Conversely, this essay does not seek to argue on whether abortion is right or wrong, but rather, seeks to analyze the arguments of Marquis on the immorality of abortion. Although Marquisââ¬â¢ arguments seem generally sound and plausible, it admits of some inconsistencies and weaknesses which this essay seeks to address in the hope of suggesting possible enhancements in his discourse. Marquisââ¬â¢ Propositions and Arguments Marquisââ¬â¢ essay sets out an argument that ââ¬Å"purports to show, as well as any argument in ethics can show, that abortion is, except possibly in rare cases, seriously immoral, that it is in the same moral category as killing an innocent adult human being.â⬠(p. 183). To do this, he sets up analyses of numerous arguments on the wrongness or soundness of abortion. First, he analyzed the standard anti-abortion and pro-choice arguments. Then, he presented arguments on the ethics or morality of killing to establish the wrongness of killing and thereafter derive his justification for the immorality of abortion. We will write a custom essay sample on Why Abortion Is Immoral: An Argumentative Analysis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Why Abortion Is Immoral: An Argumentative Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Why Abortion Is Immoral: An Argumentative Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer To Marquis, the anti-abortionistsââ¬â¢ and the pro-choiceââ¬â¢s claims stand on similar strengths and suffers from similar weaknesses. Anti-abortionists argue that life is present from the moment of conception while pro-choice partisans argue that fetuses are not persons. The anti-abortionists stand, according to him tends to be too broad in scope such that even fetuses at the early stage of pregnancy will fall under this category. The pro-choice argument, on the other hand, tends to adapt an argument that is too limited such that fetuses shall not fall under it. In fine, the pro-choice adapts the person account. If even fetus, however, are to be considered persons, it may be problematic to characterize them as such because a ââ¬Ëpersonââ¬â¢ typically is defined in terms of psychological characteristics which the fetus do not have as of yet. On the other hand, if fetuses are to be considered human beings, there is a need to identify if it shall be categorized as biologica l or moral. If biological, the challenge is explaining why biological category should make a moral difference if it is moral. If this is the case, then the anti-abortionist cannot use the argument that fetuses are human beings because this morality is what is needed to be proved. Marquis claims, however, that ââ¬Å"a pro-choice strategy that extends the definition of ââ¬Ëpersonââ¬â¢ to infants or even to young children seems just as arbitrary as an anti-abortion strategy that extends the definition of a ââ¬Ëhuman beingââ¬â¢ to fetuses.â⬠à Because of this existing and seemingly irresolvable standoff, Marquis suggested a more theoretical account on the wrongness of killing to resolve the abortion controversy. Marquis presented a number of arguments why killing is wrong. He explained the brutalization concept of killing which makes it wrong, that is, it brutalizes the victim and is focused not on the loss brought to the victimââ¬â¢s friends or relatives. Under this premise, killing is wrong because it inflicts one of the greatest possible losses on the victimââ¬âthe loss to him of all those activities, projects, experiences and enjoyments which could have otherwise constituted the victimââ¬â¢s future personal life. There, however, should be value on these activities or personal future life. Marquis then resorts to explaining the wrongness in terms of the natural property account. The point of analysis according to him is to establish which natural property ultimately explains the wrongness of killing given that it is wrong. Thus, what makes killing a particular human wrong is what it does to that particular human. Here, he derives the future-like-ours account to state that killing is wrong. Under this account, it is required that there be a perceived future for the being, then a value for that future, and a perceived valuer, otherwise, it defeats the purpose of the argument. The fetus may not be able to value his future or his own life, but some other may value it for him just as in the case of some suicidal youth, or the severely unconscious. He then makes reference to the discontinuation account. Based on this, what makes killing wrong is the discontinuation of the experience of living and the wish for valuable experience to continue. Conversely, continued existence, requires the desire to continue his existence. Absence of this desire to continue leaves another question. The desire account requires that there be a capacity to desire, otherwise, there can be no perceived value of the future (consider mentally ill, or the unconscious who do not have the capacity to desire). The loss of the value of the future of the victim, however, is not supported by the biological category of the wrongness of killing. It also neglects the idea that they may be some other creatures who may also have futures and the question is what it is in their futures that makes it wrong to be taken away. Finally, it discounts the possible future of pain that may be avoided by the severely ill who may opt for active euthanasia instead. To derive his argument that abortion is seriously wrong, he needed to base his argument not on the personhood but on the account that the concept of ââ¬Ëpersonââ¬â¢ is used to state the conclusion of the analysis rather than to generate the argument of the analysis. He suggests to state the argument by ââ¬Å"starting the analysis in terms of the value of the human future, conclude that abortion is, except perhaps in rare circumstances, seriously morally wrong, infer that fetuses have the right to life and then call fetuses ââ¬Ëpersonsââ¬â¢ as a result of their having the right to life.â⬠(p.192) Despite these accounts for the wrongness of killing, these alternative general accounts still unsuccessfully or inadequately got around the anti-abortion consequences of the value of a future-like-ours argument. Marquisââ¬â¢ suggestion was to limit the scope of the value of a future-like-ours argument by arguing that fetuses lack a property that is essential for the value of a future-like-ours argument to apply to them. He counter argues, however, that his proposition stands because it may not be necessary that it be the fetus who values his life but it may be some other person. Another argument presented is whether or not an embryo or fetus may be victimized. He cites Bassen who says that embryos lack mentation that establishes the reason why fetuses and embryos cannot be victims and therefore cannot be the basis for the wrongness of abortion. Marquis overturns this by noting that Bassenââ¬â¢s examples and discussions eventually lead to deprivation of a value of a future-like-ours and not mentation as the basis of the victimization. Marquis, argues, that in fact, ââ¬Å"embryos can be victims: when their lives are deliberately terminated, they are deprived of their futures of value, their prospectsâ⬠and this fact makes them victims because it directly wrongs them. Despite his proposition that majority of deliberate abortions are seriously immoral, Marquis does not consider contraception as wrong. To him, nothing at all is denied such a future by contraception because in his analysis, there is in fact no subject of harm. Accordingly, Marquis claim that ââ¬Å"the immorality of contraception is not entailed by the loss of the a future-like-ours argument simply because there is no nonarbitrary identifiableà subject of the loss in the case of contraception.â⬠(p.202) Finally, Marquis was able to propose an alternative generalization on the immorality of abortion. His purpose of setting out an argument for the serious presumptive wrongness of abortion based on the assumption that the moral permissibility of abortion stands or falls on the moral status of the fetus was successfully laid out. Strengths and Weakness of Marquisââ¬â¢ Arguments Marquisââ¬â¢ essay is quite impressive in that it was able to deliver a deliberate and provocative analysis of existing arguments on abortion. In order to derive his position, he in fact delved into numerous philosophical accounts and went into categorically offering the premises, the arguments and even the possible counter-arguments for and against the wrongness of abortion. His persuasive style of writing is engaging in that he makes reference to his readers in attempting to appeal both to their pathos and logos. His use of ââ¬Å"usâ⬠and ââ¬Å"or you, readerâ⬠(as in pages 190 and 193) repeatedly in the text on the subject of killing is an effective tool in involving the readers in the active thought process. A closer analysis of his discussion, however, reveals some weaknesses. It is worthy of note that his thesis is not capable of standing on its own in that its soundness rests to some extent on the unsoundness of the arguments on which it was based or grounded.à Thus, its strength lies in the weakness of other arguments, and its full understanding is reliant upon the understanding of the consequences of other premises and argument. In the process, Marquis was successful in delivering his points. He presented his contemporaries arguments along with their weaknesses, delivered his personal propositions and even offered the possible attacks on his arguments. He offered strategies on dismantling standoffs or of avoiding certain consequences by limiting the scope of specific arguments. In the end, however, he left the readers to fill in the gaps and knit together his arguments rather than offering them a definite suggestion. How and why his conclusions are derived at is left to the discretion and understanding of the readers of how he presented his ideas. In the text, one may notice that he explicitly excluded or tried to avoid certain issues. For example, he neglected issues of great importance to a complete ethics of abortion (p. 183) andà what it is about our future or the future of other adult human beings which makes it wrong to kill us (p.191).à In order to stress his conclusion, he deliberately left out some issues and focused on some other. That he presented these issues by excluding them from his analysis, however, brought more questions unanswered and left his readers in quandary on how his argument could have been arrived at if the issues he avoided had been considered in the analysis. What could have happened to his arguments if these issues were in fact discussed and included? Could they have made his argument weak or illogical? Or could they have strengthened his argument? Probably not. Consequently, this further created gaps in the full understanding of the text. The author seems to be in the habit of opening a lo t of discussions but leaves them hanging. Although he may have done this on purpose so as to limit his discourse, the resultant is a less than likely confusion or misconception. Note that in the previous section of this essay, Marquis discussed and established the wrongness of killing to a great extent then diverted to his initial thesis on the serious immorality of abortion as if they are one in the same thing. He apparently seems to claim that wrong is equivalent to immoral. What he failed to do, however, is to establish what makes killing immoral to surmount it to the level that would make abortion seriously immoral in general. To him, the answer may have been obvious, but to logically think about it, he could have presented the morality issues of killing as it related to the wrongness of killing first then established the serious immorality of abortion. Marquisââ¬â¢ style is a bit cyclic in that he jumps from one concept to another and then goes back to a previous concept so as to drive at his comparisons of theories and propositions. It was advantageous in that it opens the readers to a lot logical and illogical possibility in trying to assess his points. This style, however, requires the reader to go over and over the previous discussions and arguments to refresh his memory. Otherwise, readers find it difficult to draw connections between and among his propositions. In short, his discourse is quite difficult to contextualize in relation to other concepts in one reading. The author proposes in the conclusion that a fetus possesses a property, the possession of which in adult human beings is sufficient to make killing an adult human being wrong, thus, abortion is wrong, but failed to discuss in more detail what this property of a fetus is all about as compared to the property of an adult human being who have a valuable future ahead. In the beginning of the essay, it seems that the thesis is that it purports to show that abortion is seriously immoral and that it is in the same moral category as killing an innocent adult human being. At the end of the essay, however, he says that ââ¬Å"the thesis of this essay is that the problem of the ethics of abortion, so understood, is solvable.â⬠They do not seem to clearly jive at all, or at least clearly define what was in the entire text of the discussion. In fact, his closing left another question hanging. Solvable in what sense, then? Does the author mean to say that his generalization that abortion is seriously immoral has solved the problem of the ethics of abortions? There is a strong reason to disagree. In fact, his jumping from his initial thesis that abortion in general is seriously immoral was not clearly sustained in the entire text when he eventually referred to it as a disputable presumption later in the discussion. He explicitly claimed that ââ¬Å"abortion is presumptively seriously wrong, where the presumption is very strongââ¬âas strong as the presumption that killing anotherà adult human being is strongâ⬠(p.194). A counter argument, however, that he failed to recognize, or probably avoided, is the issue of what it is in the nature of a thing that could break this strong presumption that killing an adult human being is wrong that could also be made applicable to a fetus which could probably support or dismantle the argument that abortion is presumptively very seriously wrong. How similarly (or differently) situated are adults and fetuses to have (or not have) this strong presumption? In sum, Marquisââ¬â¢ essay is impressive in that it was able to deliver a highly critical analysis and argumentation on the wrongness of abortion. That a few weaknesses was identified in this analysis of his paper, however, does not serve to mitigate or totally overturn his arguments, but merely provided for an alternative suggestion in improving his arguments. LouiseMartin904http://www.blogger.com/profile/17306636819628620311noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1778330841667363018.post-62948510479189039212020-03-06T08:38:00.001-08:002020-03-06T08:38:03.355-08:00Value Chain Analysis for AmazonValue Chain Analysis for Amazon Introduction From its launch in 1995, Amazon has grown to become the main choice for online shoppers across the world based on its array of quality products. Amazon Companyââ¬â¢s success has been impressive, thanks to the companyââ¬â¢s efforts to address its core competencies.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Value Chain Analysis for Amazon specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Using VRIO analysis, this paper discusses research and development, organization culture, customer relations, incumbent advantages, and branding as Amazon Companyââ¬â¢s key competencies. Amazonââ¬â¢s Core Competencies The Research and Development (RD) has initiated and executed ideas such as Listmania and Kindle, which have proved valuable to the company. These ideas have attracted many consumers since they allow them to choose the products they find most valuable. Nonetheless, these ideas are not rare since Amazonââ¬â¢s competitors have parallel technologies. For instance, the Noble Company has a feature that enables clients to share opinions on products they have searched or bought. These products are expensive to imitate because of the corresponding technological dexterity and high costs to develop features such as Kindle. Moreover, these features are appropriate for the success of the organization since the efforts by the RD department are met to enhance consumer shopping experience (Mennen 45). As Hill and Gareth confirm, Amazon has established an organizational culture whereby ideals such as prudence and leadership are given top priority (56). This organizational norm is dear to the firm since it keeps it at the forefront of other companies in the industry in terms of efficient exploitation of resources and the introduction of changes in the company. However, this culture is not rare since most organizations encourage frugality and good leadership.Advertising Looking for report on business econom ics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Moreover, it is not difficult to imitate it since its implementation is inexpensive and publicly available in Amazonââ¬â¢s website. This organization culture that promotes prudence and leadership is relevant for the organization since it attracts and retains customers. It improves consumer experience, thus granting the company advantage over its competitors (Amazon 12). Harris says that the company recognizes that maintaining good customer relations is crucial to its prosperity (10). The company finds it valuable to allow shoppers to review the products to attract other potential customers. However, this strategy is not rare since most companies have similar tendencies of allowing their customers to share opinions on their (companies) products. Furthermore, this idea is not technical to imitate since firms should only comprehend the anticipations of their clients and strive to satisfy them. Maintaining a good rapport with customers is appropriate for the organization, as it helps to control the online commercial market (Mennen 67). Amazon joined the online shopping business at time when there were few online users or online shopping firms. Being the first in the industry has been of great value, as it has enjoyed several incumbent advantages such as the economies of scale of the business. This opportunity is a rare since there can only be one first-enterer. Additionally, it is hard to mimic incumbent companies in other industries that strive to offer similar services because of competition. The benefits of the first entry are appropriate for the organization they limit the chances of rivals surpassing the Amazon in the industry (Harris 10). The brand of the company, which is associated with one of the greatest rivers, is of utmost value to the company since it has linked it to greatness by attracting many online shoppers. Its branding is rare since most clients o nly connect the name to the company. Moreover, it is also not a viable duplicate the brand. Using Amazon as the companyââ¬â¢s name makes the organization well known and hence successful.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Value Chain Analysis for Amazon specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Conclusion In the past two decades, Amazon has consistently grown to become the first choice for online shoppers. It has been attentive to customersââ¬â¢ needs following its provision of a platform that allows them to review their products, thus maintaining a good rapport with shoppers. If Amazon maintains these prudent strategies, it will continue to control the online shopping industry. Amazon. 2013 Annual Report, 2013. Web. http://phx.corporate-ir.net/phoenix.zhtml?c=97664p=irol-reportsAnnual. Harris, Jim. ââ¬Å"Amazons runaway success.â⬠Backbone 1.1(2012): 10. Print. Hill, Charles, and Jones Gareth. Essentials of Strat egic Management. Ohio, OH: Cengage, 2011. Print. Mennen, Miriam. Global Corporate Strategy A Critical Analysis and Evaluation of Amazon.com. Germany: GRIN Verlag, 2010. Print. LouiseMartin904http://www.blogger.com/profile/17306636819628620311noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1778330841667363018.post-84005574520954251012020-02-19T00:05:00.001-08:002020-02-19T00:05:03.398-08:00Canada-china computer crisis josephj.distefano Case StudyCanada-china computer crisis josephj.distefano - Case Study Example The team was to develop a program that had to be launched at a trade fair. The program was going on well but Yulan was the only person who had worked on the actual coding of the program while Paul Horn and other members had provided support in the form of briefings, some writing work and supplies. Interestingly at the eleventh hour, Yulan chooses to change the program and removes the traces of original work completely. She tells Horn that she had done this to make sure that she was given proper credit for her work. Yulan Sun was insistent that her work and individual contribution be acknowledged explicitly since she had worked long hours all by herself in the completion of the program. Paul Horn on the other hand found this rather absurd and reminded Yulan rather cogently that he and his team had done a lot of work on the project and thus securing individual credit for work was a ridiculous demand. In case Yulan Sun refuses to provide the code of the program, the project would be a disaster. The deadline would be over and the firm will not be able to participate in the trade fair where the program was scheduled for launch. Yulan Sun was on the other hand was adamant that it was her program and she could do whatever she chose to with the program. She is willing to provide the code if her individual work is acknowledged and if credit was given to her in explicit terms. Yulan had no issues with the team receiving bonuses or some credit but she wanted the program to remain in her name. This was unacceptable to Paul Horn who felt that it was a team effort and would thus be acknowledged in the same way. Analysis: This case has often been analyzed in the collectivism/individualism framework, which obviously doesn't apply here. Yulan coming from a culture that respects collectivism is looking for individual acknowledgement while Paul Horn born into a individualistic culture recognizes team effort. This is then a paradoxical situation. Studying the case closely, we realize that the standoff is grounded in differing definitions of teamwork and team ethics that exist in two different cultures. For Paul Horn who is a typically modern Canadian, teamwork means every person playing the role assigned to them and all must seek the same result. They must not get into each other's way but instead concentrate on their part in the project and bring the project to fruition. Yulan Sun on the other hand feels that teamwork is all about helping out each other. She believes that the main objective of a team is to assist each other. However when she came to Canada she realized that no one actually worked this way rather everyone tried to stay out of each other's work and path. The Canadians felt this was the right way of doing teamwork while Yulan Sun found it against her idea of teamwork and ethics. For this reason, Yulan demanded that her work be acknowledged separately because from where she stood, she couldn't see anyone doing any work on the project. Others had not assisted her when she stayed up all night to complete her task. Paul Horn feels that they had played their part in the project effectively. Conclusion: Instead of focusing on collectivism and individualism framework, this conflict must be resolved by focusing on the differing definit LouiseMartin904http://www.blogger.com/profile/17306636819628620311noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1778330841667363018.post-48553436013203214902020-02-04T02:23:00.001-08:002020-02-04T02:23:02.930-08:00Write business letter from the information i will be sending EssayWrite business letter from the information i will be sending - Essay Example The normal charge per day that our accountants determine was the optimal price to cover all expenses based on the demand for our services is $500. Since you are requested two days the invoice our firm would charge the Sunny River Business League would be $1,000. I have a fiduciary duty to the firm and cannot make any exceptions to the rule. If any customers would find out that I let an organization use the facilities free of charge it could cause major problems to our business model. The $1,000 price is very competitive in comparison with other places of similar size and equipment in the area. If you need any help organizing the event I can provide you all the help you need from me and our staff free of charge. I hope your organization rents our facilities since I am sure that your activity will be a complete success if you decide to rent space at the Sunny River LouiseMartin904http://www.blogger.com/profile/17306636819628620311noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1778330841667363018.post-14589148167849817122020-01-26T22:45:00.001-08:002020-01-26T22:45:04.068-08:00What Is Ethics And Its TypesWhat Is Ethics And Its Types Ethics are principles of professionals conduct. Ethics is broader than what is stated by law, customs and public opinion. For example, accepting gifts from father in law might be socially acceptable but not ethically. Ethical behaviour may differ from society to society for example: birth control is mandatory in communist societies but not in catholic Christian society. Ethical standards are ideals of human conduct. Defining ethical standards is not an easy task. Ethics is the study of standards of conduct and moral judgment; moral philosophy, a treatise on this study. Thus we say that ethics is the system or code of morals of a particular person, religion, group, profession, etc. Ethics, according to VSP RAO (2004) is defined Ethics as: a body of principles or standards of human conduct that govern the behaviours of individuals and groups. Ethics arise not simply from mans creation but from human nature itself making it a natural body of laws from which mans laws Ethics has been applicable to economics, politics and political science, leading to several different and unrelated fields of applied ethics, including Business ethics and Marxism. Ethics has been applied to family structure, sexuality, and how society views the roles of individuals; leading to several distinct and unrelated fields of applied ethics, including feminism. Ethics has been applied to war, leading to the fields of pacifism and nonviolence BUSINESS ETHICS Business ethics can be defined as blueprints of principles and values that governing decisions and actions within a company. In the business world, the organizations culture sets standards for ascertaining the difference between good and bad decision making and behaviour. A definition for business ethics boils down to knowing the difference between right and wrong and choosing to do what is right. The phrase business ethics can be used to describe the actions of individuals within an organization, as well as the organization as a whole. WHAT IS ENGENEERING ETHICS? Engineering ethics course is not about preaching virtue rather, its objective is to increase your ability as engineers to responsibly confront moral issues raised by technological activity. CODE OF ETHICS FOR ENGINEERS Engineers Uphold and advance the integrity, honour and dignity of the engineering profession by: I. Analysing their knowledge and skill for the enhancement of human welfare; II. Being honest and impartial, and serving with fidelity the public, their employers and clients: III. Making efforts to increase the competence and prestige of the Engineering profession FUNDAMENTAL CONNONS FOR ENGINEERING ETHICS 1. Engineers shall hold paramount the safety, health and Welfare of the public in the performance of their Professional duties. 2. Engineers shall perform services only in the areas of their competence. 3. Engineers shall issue public statements only in an Objective and truthful manner. 4. Engineers shall act in professional matters for each Employer or client as faithful agents or trustees, and shall avoid conflicts of interest. 5. Engineers shall build their professional reputation on the merit of their services and shall not compete unfairly with others. 6. Engineers shall act in such a manner as to uphold and enhance the honour, integrity and dignity of the profession. 7. Engineers shall continue their professional development throughout their careers and shall provide opportunities for the professional development of those engineers under their supervision. WHAT IS ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS Environmental ethics determines classical ethics to a breaking point Environmental ethics involves high risk. Environmental ethics requires risk. Environmental ethics help in ascertaining poorly charted terrain, where it is easy to get lost. One must hazard the kind of insight that first looks like foolishness. Some people see environmental ethics with a positive frame of mindexpecting rights for rocks and chicken liberation, misplaced concern for chipmunks and daisies. Elsewhere, you think, ethicists deal with sober concerns: medical ethics, business ethics, and justice in public affairs, questions of life and death, peace and war. Environment ethics aims at appropriate respect for life. But we do not just need a humanist ethic applied to the environment, analogously to the ways we have needed one for business, law, medicine, technology, international, or nuclear disarmament. Respect for life demands an ethic concerned about human welfare, like the others and now concerning the environment. But environmental ethics in a broader sense stands on a frontier, as radically theoretical as it is applied. . 1.2 IMPORTANCE OF ETHICS IN ORGANIZATION Ethical consideration in business is important to managers as individuals personals life and business life cannot be neatly separated with respect to moral judgements. A lot of factors contributed for ethical consideration becoming a primary concern for todays organizations. Some factors are discussed below: 1: If organization does not behave in accordance with the social system expectation, it might not merely lose its market share or face another piece of legislated control but might lose its very right to exist. 2: Even if the manager insist on a narrow definition of his role as merely a producer of goods, it is essential that he take these intangibles into consideration since they are the real motivating force in an organization. 3: The public is insisting that business leaders are, in fact responsible for the general social welfare that the managers responsibility go far beyond those of running the business. 4: Ethics play a crucial role in organization as without ethics organization may go hay why from its ultimate goal and as a result the real sense for existence remain undercover . 5: Ethics are the backbone of the organization. In absence of this backbone the organization would not be able to maintain healthy relations between employee and employee, employee and employer, employer and managers etc. 1.3 BREIF SUMMARY OF ASSIGNMENT The assignment on ethics clearly states what are the moral values, beliefs, thinking etc. which are socially acceptable. This assignment helps to give a clear picture about what is accepted and what is not accepted, what is ethical and what is unethical, what is good and what is bad etc. It also help in understanding that ethics do differ from people to people moreover from society to society(birth control is mandatory in communist societies but not in catholic Christian society) This assignment describe the definition of ethics, its important both in society and in organization. Thus we say that this assignment help one to understand the insight of the prevailing conditions stating what is accepted and what is not. WHAT IS ETHICAL DILEMMAS? Ethical dilemma is also known as moral dilemmas. An ethical dilemma is a situation or problem in which each available and possible course of action breaches some otherwise binding moral principles to decide what is ethical and what is unethical. Thus we say that moral dilemmas refer to a situation which involves conflict between moral requirements. These situations have very apparent conflict between moral imperative IS NUCLEAR ENERGY SAFE? Yes nuclear energy is safe because we know nuclear energy is useful, clean and effective because, at present, 137 nuclear reactors are generating more than one-third of Western Europes electricity and 440 in all are supplying one-seventh of the worlds electricity Earlier some people misunderstood the by-product of nuclear energy i.e. Radiation as deadly. But radiation is part of our natural environment and we can survive with it. All of us are exposed to natural radioactivity every minute, mainly from rocks and soil. The radiation bombarding us increases up to 10% when we sleep next to another human. Nuclear power is a gift from nature. It can be harnessed cleanly and safely. NUCLEAR ENERGY ENVIRONMENTFRIENDLY The nuclear energy is environment friendly as it is safe and it could be explain via example. 1: The Exelon Corporation runs 17 nuclear power plants all over the country and shows how these plants help reduce climate change. 2: The Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) is a non-profit group, which works to reduce climate change through methods of nuclear energy production. These are one of those groups working to create new technologies that will make nuclear power a safer and more environmental friendly source of energy because they believe it is a necessary source for controlling climate changes. Perhaps Nuclear energy has the lowest impact on the environment including flora, fauna, air, land, and water. It produces no harmful greenhouse gases, isolates its waste from the environment, and requires less area to produce the same amount of electricity as compare to other sources. NUCLEAR ENERGY COST EFFECTIVENESS The nuclear energy is not at all cost effective because the biggest financial crunch with nuclear power is the time period it takes to build the reactor. Large and heavy construction together with the various public notices and enquiries and legal procedure makes it an expensive process. Moreover Construction alone will take 5-6 years. During this time interest must be paid to the creditor without any return since no electricity will be produced till construction work is complete. NUCLER ENERGY USEFUL TO UKS SOCIETY AND PUBLIC Nuclear energy is useful UKs society and public due to certain reasons which are discussed below: 1: POWERING OUR ECONOMY: Through nuclear energy the United Kingdom generates a fifth of the countrys electricity (19.26% in 2004). The Nuclear Installations Inspectorate oversees all nuclear power installations and, as of 2006, the United Kingdom operates 24 nuclear reactors. The country also uses nuclear reprocessing plants, such as Sell afield 2: DEVELOPMENT: Nuclear energy in playing an important role in development as in year 2007, there have been some significant developments towards nuclear fusion being implemented to solve the predicted energy crisis, most significantly and recently the drawing-up of plans to build one fusion power station, that will supply power to the National Grid within. 3: REDUCTION IN POLLUTION: The major cause of pollution is the burning of fossil fuels. Nuclear energy plants produce electricity through the fission of uranium, not the burning of fuels. Consequently, nuclear power plants do not pollute the air with nitrogen oxides, sulphur oxides, dust or greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide etc. MAP SHOWING NEW NOMINATED NUCLEAR SITES IN ENGLAND HOW TO SOLVE ETHICAL DELIMMAS There are certain things that make ethical dilemmas particularly difficult to solve is that they often involve conflicts between two or more deeply held beliefs. Consider the example given below: A friend of yours just had a baby. Hes the most homely baby youve ever seen. While holding her new baby boy in her arms, your friend asks, Isnt he the best looking baby youve ever seen? Now you value honesty. But you also believe you shouldnt needlessly hurt someones feelings. You have an ethical dilemma! According to my analysis and conception ethical dilemmas could be sought out in three ways: 1: KNOW YOUR VALUES: There are certain values about which society agrees. For example, we tend to value honesty. Our discussion here isnt designed to change your values instead, its about applying them. Before you can apply them, you have to know what they are. 2: SELECT A MODEL: According to the analysis, Moral Issues in Business, ethical theories can be divided into two classifications: consequential theories (the formal term for these is teleological theories) and non-consequential theories (formal name is deontological theories). As a result a proper model is must. 3: USE A PROBLEM SOLVING PROCESS: Now you know your values and you have a model with which to apply them. The remaining piece is to follow an orderly process to solve the problem, because not all ethical dilemmas are as simple as your friend and her baby that we discussed in the previous example. ETHICAL RESONING: Ethical reasoning is a type of reasoning directed towards deciding what to do and, when successful. And it comes into play when various individuals enter into relationships with mutual obligations. Ethical reasoning involves weighing of values held by the individuals to result in some course of action or outcome. In short it is a deciding factor determining what is ethical and unethical. 3.1 MORAL VALUES: Moral values is a combination of moral (i.e. what is ethical) and values (i.e. social principles) MORAL+VALUES. Moral values are essentially what society views as acceptable, or fundamentally right. Moral values often originate from religious views and understanding. Morals can be things that arent necessarily dictated by laws, example, its may not be illegal to have an affair, but is it morally right? Moral views can also be reflected in the laws passed, such as the proposition at concerning the sanctity of marriage. You could view the moral value of the public as shifting, seeing how a proposition like that is even necessary. 3.2 ALLERNATIVE TO NUCLEAR ENERGY At present there are large numbers of alternatives which are available for nuclear energy. But the alternative I am giving is based on my conception and theory which is discussed below: Just select a particular land suitable for cultivation only by natural means in order to maintain the fertility so that the soil is unaffected. Plant more trees. Within the duration for the growth of the trees construct some turbines and equipments just nearer to the cultivated lands. Cut half of the plants and burn it so that the steam is used to drive turbines from which we can produce electricity. The merit is that the Carbon di-oxide liberated will be consumed by the trees itself. So it is eco-friendly and non-polluting. As bio manures are used the fertility of the soil is maintained. Itll be an efficient method. May it is modest now but definitely when compared to hazardous wastes in nuclear energy its better. 3.3 ANALYSIS ON NUCLEAR ENERGY Unlike every coin has two aspects A NEGATIVE AND A POSITIVE similar is the case with nuclear energy it has positives as well as negatives. 4. My recommendation to the UK government would be to attain a perfect balance between use of nuclear energy and use of other alternative (renewable) sources like solar, dams, wind power etc. Because To generate nuclear energy uranium fuel is used, use an isotope of uranium which is then subjected to nuclear fission. And it leads to radiation as a result it leads to saviour diseases like cancer etc. So the UK government should be cautious regarding nuclear energy and should operate within the limits aiming at a perfect balance with other alternatives. 4.1 HUMAN CENTERED ETHICS It is also known as anthropocentrism The anthropocentric belief is that human beings are the sole bearers of intrinsic value or possess greater intrinsic value than non-human nature. It is therefore acceptable to employ the resources of the natural world for only human ends. Anthropocentric ethics is adequate to the task of grounding care for the natural environment. The human involvement in ethics play a very crucial role thus we say that anthropocentrism focus on human ethics. 4.2 SCIENTIFIC CENTERED ETHICS The term scientific ethics may refer to the ethics of doing science. Scientific ethics is a branch of applied ethics. Scientific ethics is a subset of professional ethics, the special rules of conduct adhered to by people engaged in those pursuits called professions. It is distinct from, but consistent with, both ordinary morality and moral theory. The codes of professional ethics derive from the two bargains that define a profession: the internal code of practice and the external bargain between the profession and society. 4.3 BIOCENTRIC ETHICS Bio centric ethics refer to any theory that views all life as possessing intrinsic value is known as bio centric ethics. Bio centric ethics represents a significant departure from classical and traditional ethical thinking. I.e. it focuses on attitude and character rather than moral values. 4.4 ECOCENTRIC ETHICS The term eco centric ethics was propounded by Aldo Leopolds according to him Any ethics that places an emphasis on ecological wholes and moves away from individual plants and animals; value is placed on these ecological systems as wholes. Thus we say that ecocentric ethics are the holistic ethics rather than the individualistic ethics. Ecocentric ethics appeals to ecology in one way or another for help in explaining and defending its conclusions. REFERNCES: DR SS KHANKA, S CHAND, AHMED NAZIMUDDIN AND SS JHA, AHMED SALMAN, AUSTIN NANCY, Ackerman, GOOGLE, B.A. and R.B. Stewart (1988) Reforming Environmental Law: The Democratic Case for Market Incentives, Colombia Journal of Environmental Law, 13: 171-199. Baron, J. (2006) Against Bioethics, Cambridge MA: MIT Press. Bekesy, S.A., B.A. Winkle, M. Colvin, B. Langford, D.B. Lindenmayer, and H.P. Possingham (forthcoming) The Biodiversity Bank Cannot is a Lending Bank, Ecological Economics. Burgman, M.A. (2005) Risks and Decisions for Conservation and Environmental Management, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Capoor, K. and P. Ambrosi.(2007) State and Trends of the Carbon Market 2007. Retrieved December, 2007, from http://carbonfinance.org/docs/Carbon_Trends_2007- _FINAL_-_May_2.pdf. Colyvan, M. (2007) Environmental Philosophy: Beyond Environmental Ethics, Arts, Vol. 29: 95-104. Colyvan, M., D. Cox, and K. Steele, (forthcoming a) Modelling the Moral Dimension of Decisions, Noà »s. Colyvan, M., J. Justus, and H.M. Regan, (to appear) The Natural Environment is Valuable but Not Infinitely Valuable. Colyvan, M., S. Linquist, W. Grey, P.E. Griffiths, J. Odenbaugh, and H.P. Possingham, (forthcoming b) Philosophical Issues in Ecology: Recent Trends and Future Directions, Ecology and Society. LouiseMartin904http://www.blogger.com/profile/17306636819628620311noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1778330841667363018.post-7701526819998693572020-01-18T19:09:00.001-08:002020-01-18T19:09:03.202-08:00Leaders Are MadeThe question was asked in our class discussion this week, ââ¬Å"Are leaders born or made? â⬠This is one of the most often asked questions about leadership. People have varying opinions on this subject. My opinion is that leaders are made. To lead people effectively is a very complex undertaking. No one is born with the necessary tools to be a good leader. I choose to believe that leaders are made, not born, because I want to believe that I can develop into a good leader even though I was not Ron with certain traits.Our lecture last night focused on some traits normally associated with good leaders: energy, stress management, self-confidence, tenaciousness, social intelligence, and integrity. Some of these traits can be used to describe me but there are a few in which I need further development. Leaders are successful for many different reasons, but most importantly is an ability to connect with people. Great connections are energetic. It is important for a leader to exude posi tive energy because the leader sets the tone for the entire organization.Employees have to feel committed to the vision for future success. They have to feel motivated, energize. I know that I have the ability to be energetic in the workplace as a potential leader. Vive been energy- deficient in my current position, probably because my supervisor has not connected with me nor does he exude any positive energy. I am grateful for this experience because it has taught me first-hand how damaging a leader with no energy can be to an employee's morale. The ability to manage stress and self-confidence go hand-in-hand in my opinion.There may be days where the future of your company is worrisome and things aren't going according to plan. It is important, as a leader, not to panic. Part of your Job is to put out fires and maintain team morale. As a leader, staying calm and confident will help keep the team feeling the same. The team will take its cues from the leader. I have never lacked self -confidence. Stress management, however, is a trait in which I need further development. A leader should be tenacious.There is a tendency sometimes for an employee to ant to ââ¬Å"give upâ⬠when the going gets tough. Not a leader! The leader should know the special abilities each team member brings to the table. He has to be able to harness those abilities and bring them to the fore-front so that each team member can reach his full potential. Tenacious leaders grab hold of an idea and refuse to let it go until they reach their goal. It is important to model this behavior to set the proper example. Social intelligence is another necessary ingredient to good leadership.It is critical o be able to understand others so that you can know how to influence them. Being empathetic, tactful, diplomatic, and persuasive are important aspects of social intelligence. I want to be able to empower others by being a strong motivator and a good listener. These are traits that I possess but ther e is definitely room for improvement and refinement. There are people who are respected and worth listening to. This respect is earned by being a person of integrity. Employees seek to follow leaders who are honest and who honor their commitments.I will strive to be fair, honest, candid, and to treat everyone how I would want to be treated. If I am able to exemplify these behaviors I will earn the respect of my employees and colleagues. The encouraging thing is that I feel like I possess or could potentially possess all of these traits. Becoming a good leader is a learning process. I'm encouraged by the notion that leaders are made. This is a great training ground to learn the behaviors off good leader. I am committed to learning how to apply these concepts to my everyday thinking. LouiseMartin904http://www.blogger.com/profile/17306636819628620311noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1778330841667363018.post-58247260738504306782020-01-10T15:32:00.001-08:002020-01-10T15:32:06.799-08:00The education implementation in SingaporeThe authorities has made the fantastic growing in instruction by making many authorities aided and private establishment for universe broad instruction. Compulsory Educations ( CE ) for all childrens who are above the age four. This pays manner for quality instruction for Singapore. The Singapore authorities accepted CE in 1999.Apart from instruction the schools provide different curricular activities for the extra accomplishments. The cosmopolitan instructions to primary and secondary degrees. CE looked important and value for Singapore circumstance. Among 45, Singapore ranked 4th in instruction system ( Progress in international reading literacy survey, 2006 ) . MOE has made enormous procedure in instruction system. The Singapore instruction is most secured state for choice instruction around the universe, the authorities ( MOE ) has introduced many new structured for instruction system and got strong repute. In 2010 the one-year budget for instruction $ 9.7 billion, over 350 schools in primary, secondary and station secondary instruction. For quality educational system Singapore has been ranked 1st.The planetary partnership with the coaction of universities from worldwide are accepted by MOE. Singapore known for universes best executing school system.The instruction system in Singapore ââ¬Ës are adopted by the MOE that leads to the Singapore to universe category instruction. ( MOE ) The vigorous third instruction will pull international pupils to obtain occupations and wealth. Top institutes like NUS and NTU has founded effectual in regional repute ( eg ; NUS was rated as one of top 5 multi disciplinary university in Asia.This two establishment has the capableness of pulling the international pupils from abroad. This indicates the large pool universities which might increase Singapore part for international pupils market. Even so the attract of full fee giving international pupils entirely in the undergraduate and professional graduate student status ( eg: MBA Programmers ) merely non in research oriented postgraduate programmes. The universe category universities that could keep recession for featuring out universe category R & A ; D, this aid in branding Singapore corresponds a Chancellor of the Exchequer instruction hub. The present universities NUS, NTU and SMU these are the cardinal university subdivision, which creates Singapore ââ¬Ës regular endowment line for regional schools and offering good international instruction. The organisation of recent educational establishment and companies has given 22,000 new occupations, in this 13,000 aspires learning related and 9,000 aspires administrative, managerial. The investing in instruction of Singapore curves set up with old ages of schooling, with return to third instruction largely higher than non third instruction. The architecture of Singapore ââ¬Ës economic system builds high value to knowledge activities. The private returns to education scopes of 6-10 % . Proposed norm of private rate to return higher instruction ( higher than secondary ) is doubled the rate.19 % to private on versus 11 % for societal rate return in higher instruction. Polytechnic instruction has accomplished rate of return than secondary instruction, the rate of return to third instruction ( polytechnic and universities ) ciphering clip series information declined for past 2o old ages. Third instruction for completed universities degree increases the pay rate by 18 % over all that is diploma and above. The rates of return university arose in 2004 while comparing 2001 except postgraduate degree. The rate of return in station alumnus pupil at maestro degree has ris en varies from 19.5 % in 2001 to 23.1 % in 2004.Doctorate degree increased for first grade and Masterss degree. The return university has increased loosely in 2004 compared to 2001.Singapore Standard educational categorization ( SSEC ) , 2000.In engineering school and university degree they achieved award in highest reserve. By the CPE ( Council for private instruction ) has regulated the private instruction sectors gifted with legislative power. The local private instruction industry helps the capacity for development. The CPE made a function in developing private instruction industries, the attack of holistic addition the overall quality for private instruction participants. Among private instruction establishment the industrial leaders and associations has created strong civilization duty. In Dec 2009 private instruction act was visualized to registration model for the overseas of private instruction sectors. The sure and good regarded private instruction sector, the rise of pupil public assistance services has made private instruction sectors increases for the international pupils. The ICPE ( Integrity, Care, Professionalism and Excellence ) this should be undertaken by staffs in CPE for the overall development of pupils. The council has developed two strategies as ERF ( Enhanced Registration Framewo rk ) and choice confidence strategy known as EduTrust.The ERF strategy undertakes the private instruction establishment supplying classs in grade and sheepskin as full clip for taking award enfranchisement, by fall ining MOE the private instruction establishment chief watercourse schools offering fulltime predatory courses.EduTrust strategy has mentioned quality in certification for the private instruction institution.The celebrated private instruction sectors have the international attached universities to the Singapore establishment. Education aims to work with industry leader and association to make a strong civilization for duty among private instruction establishments. International Students can hold good instruction quality.Cost competitory is just for pupils to acquire universe category instruction quality when comparing UK, USA and Australia.Asia pacific regional hub for third institutions.Inter cross civilization applicable for international pupils in language.Region for top states to international pupils particularly China and India.Place for safe instruction to pupils from different countries.Apart from instruction the extracurricular activities attracted more international pupils. The deficiency of quality in linguistic communication pronunciation by professors and teachers.Accommodation deficit is affordable.The private bureau quality is assurable for students.Student base on balls is complicated to private establishment and schools.By pulling international pupils the private sectors has gained, so the deficiency of quality in instruction In higher instruction the planetary market is around US $ 30billonThe pupils from Asia is 45 % by top beginning countryThere is demand in growing to Asiatic pupils for quality in education.The GDP growing per capita ( % ) in 2001-2006 is 2.4Public disbursement on instruction ( % GDP ) in 2001-2006 is 3.7The third school registration ( % gross ) in 2001-2006 is 29.8 There is an chances to international pupils to take other countries.In Singapore the international pupils from private establishment do n't hold chances that lowers the value educationThe authorities concerted selling of host states to pull international pupils ( eg: US section of province ) .Quality abroad establishment perceived here ( US, UH and Canada ) .Invention of more figure of IT companies The Singapore authorities is bettering their concern in instruction and there is a demand for quality in instruction. Many private establishments are pulverizing their sectors in instruction field with offering degree certifications valid equal to universe category instruction. Singapore is best for higher instruction in universe because more Numberss of new reaching of foreign private sectors so the quality of higher instruction going low. The Singapore authorities taking their higher instruction in measure mode. In June 2o1o the Singapore authorities MOE ( ministry of instruction ) announced an S $ 850million ( us $ 628 ) contract for the standard ict operating environment ( soe ) for all authorities and authorities aided schools The Raffless instruction corporation steped in Singapore in 1990 this corporation has achieved about 17 colleges transversally the Asia pacific- Singapore, Malaysia, India, Australia, China, hong kong, Mongolia and Thailand. In 2004 Raffless entered their concern direction instruction sectors with geting of Hartford, the Raffless made in two group of college trade names as RafflesDesign and Hartford institutes.the Raffless frequently concentrate in design classs besides this they offer diplomas and degrees.the grade certified by universities of engineering and middlesex university for Masterss also.The instruction market in Singapore is little incomparison to the regional market and it is of import for Raffless instruction corporation to develop its footmark in the part to take advantage of the turning demand for instruction in Singapore. Raffles instruction corporation has made their growing demand for instruction, they are the best private instruction organisation for Singapore.man y awards won by their pupils in international competitions in different classs in course of study activities.they are the one of developed instruction corporation in Singapore In 1993 the stansfeild school of concern had began with offering London university for external grade programmes it include the Singapore institute of commercialism at now.stansfield function in English programme to fit the pupils from the school with skilled English so the pupils can make their grade programme at Singapore institute of commerce.In Singapore 40 pupil from China are analyzing at the SIC.The stansfield is acquiring bigger in Asia at market degree.This group build up their concern schools in India, China and Vietnam this is because the pupils from Asia can easy travel between these different colleges.This establishment construction is strong and so the pupils can make their first twelvemonth in China, their 2nd in India and their 3rd in Singapore. This group needs to supply more than grade so add value by offering more abroad exposure the Asians Pacific pupils prefer Singapore for third instruction by this group. Like Singapore, our programmes are geared towards assisting kids who graduate from abroad kindergartens to be good prepared and confident when they enter into states formal school system. ââ¬ËThe Crestar instruction group focal point on younger kids ââ¬Ës to different course of study activities. They are supplying the preschool instruction, infant attention and pupil betterment services. Besides this kinder land runs ELFA preschool and kid attention Centre. These three trade names, kinder land, ELFA and the Crestar larning all have overseas at now. The Crestar other preschool trade name is ELFA, which has quality for larning to all, the school speech patterns on skill footing of Chinese linguistic communication which set up in2000, this group are more than 20 Centre ââ¬Ës in China and Singapore. The Centre ââ¬Ës gives support to educational programmes such instructions like how to utilize abacus, painting or originative writing.107 Centre ââ¬Ës with half already based outside Singapore. ââ¬ËCEG ( Crestar Education Group ) ââ¬Ës strength lies in its capableness to offer assorted preschool instruction service in course of study development, teacher preparation, Centre operation, franching and auxiliary enrichment programmes ââ¬Ë The group has sustained the maximal growing degree to universe market. These three establishment are top most superior in universe category universities ( WCU ) .The WCU is a deferral Centre ââ¬Ës to put to death the universe category R & A ; D carry over cognition to industry and Chancellor of the Exchequer to educational hub. NUS ( National University Of Singapore ) and NTU ( Nan yang Technological University ) , the establishment is host and competitory universities in Singapore. These two universities made their landmark for quality instruction. These two universities attempts in instruction have made Singapore ââ¬Ës instruction system democratic in universe market. The NTU and NSU growing rate is ( CAGR ) 8.3 % over 2000-2009.The MOE adopts the instruction systems to these universities. The authorities has decided to allow NUS and NTU independently has a ability by integrating net income companies same to SMU is greater run.Both NTU and NUS is one of the best manner for passing public fund in a manner of efficient has bond for rule greater an swerability. NUS has been ranked 18th among 200 universities in world.NUS has renowned in technology and IT universities placed 9th in the study of module ranking, celebrated universities. They had 14 modules and schools offering taking classs foremost and higher grades. They are one of best establishment for the international pupils to prosecute their sheepskin and grades in Singapore NTU in 2004 by the economic expert intelligence unit they have rated best in the universe for MBA pupils by the member economic expert group ranking.NTU was among universe ââ¬Ës top 100 MBA schools, for portion clip.This is a all right establishment for making polytechnic and other diploma.NTU made their superior 9th topographic point out of 39 universities in scientific discipline and engineering schools overall all right MBA schools 2000 class in Asia. Four colleges and two autonomy establishment is organized by NTU the colleges provide undergraduate and station alumnus SMU ( Singapore direction universities ) is undertaken by the private owned establishment formed as a mixture with Wharton schools of concern in universities of Pennsylvania.The University has junctions for establishment and schools. The concern schools, station alumnuss and besides double degree classs with jurisprudence are the familiar to this establishment. The under alumnus and station alumnus are widely preferred by the pupils. The university constructing up their construction for pulling international pupils. The grade classs and the extracurricular activities paying every bit good instruction systems. The SMU is private establishment which is adopted by the MOE.The celebrated Edu Trust certification has being provided by these establishments. These made the quality instruction good in Singapore. .NTU, NSU and SMU has the argument formats for holding their ain ideas to be shared in the argument conference made by this group LouiseMartin904http://www.blogger.com/profile/17306636819628620311noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1778330841667363018.post-23613841027600814572020-01-02T11:56:00.001-08:002020-01-02T11:56:03.018-08:00Is Homework Good or Bad for Kids Homework isnt fun for students to do or for teachers to grade, so why do it? Here are some reasons why homework is good and why its bad. Why Homework Is Good Here are 10 reasons why homework is good, especially for the sciences, such as chemistry: Doing homework teaches you how to learn on your own and work independently. Youll learn how to use resources such as texts, libraries, and the internet. No matter how well you thought you understood the material in class, there will be times when youll get stuck doing homework. When you face the challenge, you learn how to get help, how to deal with frustration, and how to persevere.Homework helps you learn beyond the scope of the class. Example problems from teachers and textbooks show you how to do an assignment. The acid test is seeing whether you truly understand the material and can do the work on your own. In science classes, homework problems are critically important. You see concepts in a whole new light, so youll know how equations work in general, not just how they work for a particular example. In chemistry, physics, and math, homework is truly important and not just busywork.It shows you what the teacher thinks is important to learn, so youll have a better idea of what to expect on a quiz or test.Its often a significant part of your grade. If you dont do it, it could cost you, no matter how well you do on exams.Homework is a good opportunity to connect parents, classmates, and siblings with your education. The better your support network, the more likely you are to succeed in class.Homework, however tedious it might be, teaches responsibility and accountability. For some classes, homework is an essential part of learning the subject matter.Homework nips procrastination in the bud. One reason teachers give homework and attach a big part of your grade to it is to motivate you to keep up. If you fall behind, you could fail.How will you get all your work done before class?à Homework teaches you time management and how to prioritize tasks.Homework reinforces the concepts taught in class. The more you work with them, the more likely you are to learn them.à Homework can help boost self-esteem. Or, if its not going well, it helps you identify problems b efore they get out of control. Sometimes Homework Is Bad So, homework is good because it can boost your grades, help you learn the material, and prepare you for tests. Its not always beneficial, however. Sometimes homework hurts more than it helps. Here are five ways homework can be bad: You need a break from a subject so you dont burn out or lose interest. Taking a break helps you learn.Too much homework can lead to copying and cheating.Homework that is pointless busywork can lead to a negative impression of a subject (not to mention a teacher).It takes time away from families, friends, jobs, and other ways to spend your time.Homework can hurt your grades. It forces you to make time management decisions, sometimes putting you in a no-win situation. Do you take the time to do the homework or spend it studying concepts or doing work for another subject? If you dont have the time for the homework, you could hurt your grades even if you ace the tests and understand the subject. LouiseMartin904http://www.blogger.com/profile/17306636819628620311noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1778330841667363018.post-72223191454496776972019-12-25T08:23:00.001-08:002019-12-25T08:23:04.190-08:00Literature Review Related to Self-Efficacy Among Students... Introduction The concept of self-efficacy is grounded in Banduraââ¬â¢s (1977) social learning theory. Bandura (1994) defines perceived self-efficacy as ââ¬Å"peopleââ¬â¢s beliefs about their capabilities to produce effortsâ⬠(p. 71). In essence, one having strong self-efficacy experience increase in motivation, accomplishment, and personal well-being ( Bandura, 1994). Those with a low sense of self-efficacy, on the other hand, often suffer stress and depression; unbelieving of their capabilities and often succumbed to failure (Bandura, 1994). While previous research relates studentsââ¬â¢ positive interactions with faculty to positive academic outcomes, Jungert and Rosander (2010) found a gap in literature which addresses the link between self-efficacyâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦In extending the reach of the studyââ¬â¢s limitations, the purpose of this current research is to investigate the correlation between studentsââ¬â¢ self-efficacy and their strategies to manipulate their study environment by comparing students in Masterââ¬â¢s level Clinical Psychology with Masterââ¬â¢s level Aviation Science in an online learning environment. In addressing this gap in researchâ⬠¦ Literature Review While previous research defines self-efficacy, personal self-efficacy and their relation to performance; Devonport and Lane (2006) explore factors such as coping-efficacy (an individualââ¬â¢s confidence level in relation to outstand tasks), and outcome-efficacy (task objectives) were noted to lay foundation for the research focus at hand. While existing literature explores the topic from a cognitive perspective, the current study sought to investigate self-efficacy influences; excluding the previously studied malleable factors. The authorsââ¬â¢ hypothesis was two-fold: self-efficacy and coping styles are largely related; and self-efficacy is a predictor of student retention. Participants included 131 first-year undergraduate sports degree students. Open-ended questionnaires were used to create a 40-item self-efficacy measure to gauge confidence levels. Additional materials included MCOPE to assess coping strategies. Researchers used factor analysis andShow MoreRelatedThe Relationship Between Self-Efficacy and Procrastination Among University Students1344 Words à |à 6 PagesIntroduction Procrastination ââ¬â a phenomenon that has become increasingly prevalent in contemporary society ââ¬â has developed to the extent that it not only affects university students, but also the general population. 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The literature review of this research study will emphasize valuable information to the refine questionâ⬠To what extent will the integration fo a motivational strategy affects studentsââ¬â¢sRead MoreTeaching Experience And Acceptance Of Educational Technologies, Self Efficacy And Alienation2781 Words à |à 12 Pagestechnologies, self-efficacy and alienation: Literature Review The relationship between teaching experience, self-efficacy and alienation has received attention from a number of angles in the research literature. Likewise the factors affecting the acceptance of educational technologies have also been investigated, but no study yet examines all factors concurrently. In reviewing the literature it is important to note that these are not isolated factors; for example, a factor contributing to self-efficacyRead MoreSelf Efficacy Among Students From A University Or School1608 Words à |à 7 PagesAbstract Self-efficacy is the ability to encourage your-self to get things accomplished. 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The results of Structural LouiseMartin904http://www.blogger.com/profile/17306636819628620311noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1778330841667363018.post-71189607022560380342019-12-17T04:13:00.001-08:002019-12-17T04:13:02.277-08:00The French Revolution - 2622 Words Throughout the 18th century, France had a plethora of problems, all of which stemmed from the formation of the estates. The Third Estate was populated with middle class and the lesser. These citizens were heavily taxed, alienated of food supply, and dealt directly with fixed controlled prices. All of this coupled with economic depression from ongoing wars and lavishness by the Royal Family resulted in several movements that lead to the enlightenment, which ultimately spurred the revolution. It is crucial to know what the Third Estate consisted of in order for one to truly comprehend the hardships for which the citizens faced. The people of the Third Estate made up the middle class down through the Sans-Culottes. Most of theseâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦The lack of food and government intervention hurt overall morale of the citizens. As a result of isolation, food riots struck and citizens began racketeering. Subsequently, landlords instituted Feudal Reaction, which allowed them to enforce old laws and regulations in attempts to obtain more from their peasants. The economy took a direct hit, forcing the nobility to set a price caps on necessities such as food, water, and salt. From 1756 to 1763, France fought against Britain in the Seven Years war, which marks the beginning of the downward spiral of the French Monarchy, as well as causes for taxation skyrocketing. Concluding Britainââ¬â¢s victory, France was forced out of North America, leaving Britain in control of the New World. This defeat costs millions of capital, the militaryââ¬â¢s prestigious tittle, and left French society questioning their military. Hundreds of thousands of men returned from the war to find themselves unemployed and in an economic crisis. Furthering the economic downturn, King Louis XVI continued to compete with Great Britainââ¬â¢s military technology, costing the Monarchy significant capital. King Louis XVI also played a vast role in enhancing the economic turmoil in France. Becoming king in 1775, Louis never initially had the respect of the people and not many showed for his coronation. He was left with difficulties from his father and prior engagements; however, King Louis XVI did not like to speakShow MoreRelatedThe French Revolution And French Revolutions2006 Words à |à 9 PagesAlthough the American and French revolutions both took place in the late 18th century, both fought for independence, and both portrayed patriotism, the revolutions are markedly different in their origins; one which led to the worldââ¬â¢s longest lasting democracy and the other to a Napoleonic Dictatorship. Political revolutions in America and France happened because people felt dissatisfied with the way their country was run. In North America they rebelled against rule from a foreign power, they wantedRead MoreThe French Revolution And The Revolution1523 Words à |à 7 PagesThe French Revolution was a time rife with violence, with many revolutionaries using extreme actions to overturn the French Monarchy and create a government based on equality and justice, rather than tyranny and despotism. This violence reached gruesome and terrible heights throughout the revolution, but was justified by the revolutionaries, who believed that their goals of total equality, the end of tyranny, and the return to a virtuous society, allowed them to use means necessary to attain theseRead MoreThe French Revolution And The Revolution1321 Words à |à 6 Pages The French Revolution The French Revolution was an iconic piece of history that help shape the world. It was a time were great battles occurred. Blood sheds happen almost every day. The streets were red by the blood of bodies that were dragged from being beheaded. The economy was in bad shape. But before all of this the French had a few goals but there was one goal that they all wanted and that was to get rid of the monarchy. This idea did not arrive out of nowhere, the commoners were influenceRead MoreThe Revolution Of The French Revolution1040 Words à |à 5 PagesWhile there were political and social causes of The French Revolution the most important cause was actually economic. A few years before the Frenchââ¬â¢s revolution the French spent approximately 1.3 billion livres, 13 billion dollars, on the American Revolution. This gracious contribution caused trouble at home. The French Revolution was one of the most important events in history. While it changed the social structure in France it also affected many different countries across the world. ââ¬Å"the treeRead MoreThe French Revolution And The Revolution1640 Words à |à 7 Pages The French Revolution is often seen as one of the most influential and significant events in world history (Voices 9). The surge of rebellion present in those against the old regime, or Ancien Rà ©gime, inspired reformers for generations to come. Nevertheless, the French Revolution would not have occurred without the aid of the Enlightenment Thinkers, or Philosophà ©s. These Philosophà ©sââ¬â¢ ideas sparked the French Revolution. Prior to the French Revolution, France was radically different. It was theRead MoreThe French Revolution And The Revolution1336 Words à |à 6 PagesAnalysis The French Revolution was such an important time history. Not only was it a massacre with many lives being lost, including that of Queen Marie Antoinette and her husband King Louis XVI, it was also a time of great political turmoil which would turn man against man that being the case of Edmond Burke and Thomas Paine. Edmond Burke a traditionalist who believed the people should be loyal to the king against his former friend, Thomas Paine a free thinker who believed in order for things toRead MoreThe French Revolution And The Revolution1223 Words à |à 5 Pages French Revolution As the Enlightenment began in the middle of the 17th century, people began to use reason rather than stick to tradition. New Enlightenment ideas spread throughout Europe such as ideas on government. Enlightenment thinkers such as Rousenan believed that the best government was one formed with the general consent of the people. Other Enlightenment thinkers such as Voltaire and Montesquieu believed in freedom of speech and a separation of power within the government. All of theseRead MoreThe French Revolution And The Revolution1221 Words à |à 5 PagesWhen people think of the French Revolution, they immediately think of the country of France and how the Revolution affected it. What most people do not think about however, is how the Revolution affected other countries, specifically the country of England. England was affected positively and negatively by the Revolution in that there was an increase of political involvement, but there was a collapse in the economy due to war declared by France. The French Revolution created a battle of conflictingRead MoreThe French Revolution And The Revolution1180 Words à |à 5 PagesLooking at the historical timeline, one can see that the French Revolution derived after the Enlightenment, which brought different ways of thinking, and different outlooks on government and society (553),(555),(558). The Enlightenment also changed the world of public debate, and established some ideas central to the French Revolution. The French Revolution of 1789 occurred due to government debt, class conflict, bankruptcy, the Enlightenment, and the rule of absolutism. These social, economic, andRead MoreThe French Revolution And The Revolution1305 Words à |à 6 Pages The French Revolution (1789-1814) was a period that affected the outcome of world history tremendously. This is considered a major turning point in European history which has led to dramatic changes in France and other regions of the world. Various social and political issues led to the start of the revolution. Politically, France suffered under the rule of Louis XVI, who ruled by absolute monarchy. Many people had their natural rights renounced and werenââ¬â¢t able to have a political voice. Socially LouiseMartin904http://www.blogger.com/profile/17306636819628620311noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1778330841667363018.post-30995839016836657122019-12-09T00:55:00.001-08:002019-12-09T00:55:04.865-08:00Stress Management and Environmental Sustainability â⬠Free Samples Question: Discuss about the Stress Management and Environmental Sustainability. Answer: Introduction Stress is the way or mechanism through which our bodies deal with any kind of demand or threat. According to Beiter et al (2015), these demands or threats could be internal or external and the body must respond in some way. Often, people tend to view stress as negative and would like to stay far away from it. Most people would prefer to keep off stressor and have no effective ways of coping when major threats or demands are put upon them. Research has found out that stress is not always negative. When it comes in small doses, stress could improve a persons performance by keeping them under some pressure (Boss, Bryant and Mancini, 2016). This pressure in return leads to more yield of results. Stress generally affects all members of the society. This includes university students. Several things happen and contribute to a student being stressed up. For instance, leaving the family home, having an intense pressure to score high grades, trying to establish romantic or love relationships a nd for some having to find a job while in school to cater for their fees and other expenses. These are just a few of the possible contributors to stress among campus students. In this report, the sources of academic stress among university students will be discussed. In addition, effective solutions to deal with the stress will be provided. Stress is something that university students must deal with every day. By the time students seek help conditions/situations that have resulted from stress, it is usually long after stress have accumulated and caused some physical, emotional and psychological deterioration. Most students are overwhelmed with stressful situations and fell as if there is nothing they can do about it thus leading to the kinds of deterioration mentioned above. Circumstances or events that result to stress are known as stressors. Stress is not only caused by negative things but also the positive ones. As a result, there are two kinds of stressors: positive ones and the negative ones. University students have unique kinds of stressful experiences. Certo (2015) defines sources of stress as those circumstances or events that come in the way of people and cause them to either change or adjust the plans they had. To understand the kind of stress that the students undergo while studying at the university, a small-scale research was carried out at the Thomson Rivers University (TRU). The aim of the study was to have a general understanding of the most common types of stressors that students deal with in every day life. With such an understanding, it would be possible to come up with possible solutions that would effectively help the students cope well with stress. This report aims at discussing the main causes of stress for university students and suggest some effective solutions. These will be discussed next. In this section, the major causes of stress among students are going to be disused. The first is relationships. The term relationship has been used here to mean the connections that people have towards others. These connections could result from being related by blood, marriage, etc. As Dexter, Huff, Rudecki and Abraham (2018) observes these relationships could turn out to be a source of stress especially where the student becomes a victim of relationship abuse. Abuse could be money related, sexual or physical and may manifest in ways such as seclusion. Such abuse tends to show after some period and not immediately. Relationship abuse and conflicts could be in form of conflicts with a roommate, interacting with strangers and even family problems. The student results to spending a lot of time thinking about the issue at hand and figuring a way of solving them. Consequently, the attention is diverted from academic work which is the Universitys main goal and core business. The second major source of stress for students is personal factors. These have proven to cause so much stress to students than one can possibly imagine. They also play a very important role in the various aspects of the life of a student. These factors are different for each student and result in different set of perceptions attitudes and behaviours. Personal factors take different forms which all tend to stress up the student and divert their attention from academics. Some of these forms are going to be discussed next. One is change in living environment. having to move from home to school and meeting new people who are so diverse may cause stress. Another form is change in sleeping habits. Campus students change their sleeping patterns drastically especially due to academic workloads leading to stress. According to Gonzalez and Miranda (2014) health problems and poor eating habits also significantly contribute to stress. The other personal factors include financial difficulties whi ch a significant number of students go through and combining job with studies. (Heckman, Lim and Montalto, 2014). The third major cause of stress are academic factors. These are activities within the curriculums that students go though on daily basis. Along the way, they potentially cause stress. For instance, increased class work load. Such an increase means that the student must deal with more than they can comfortably handle. Since they want to get good grades, students will create tight schedules to deal with these assignments, projects etc (Ju, Trebinjac, Bannon and Papaconstantinou, 2017). Since the tasks are enormous, they end up messing with them. Consequently, there is poor performance which is completely different from the expectation of the student. This results to frustration and stress. This is especially true where the students must attend to tasks of different courses each of which requires their attention. Matters are made worse by the fact that most students will have to do this after a tiresome day. Another potential cause of stress to students is language difficulties. The stu dents ability to communicate be it I n examinations, assignments or even presentations is crucial to the process of learning. Where the student has no proficiency in the language being used in teaching and learning, they may become frustrated and end up being stressed up. Procrastination is another cause of stress in this category. This is where the student keeps on pushing tasks to a future date and time instead of promptly working on them. Eventually, the students find themselves with so much to do that it would be so difficult for them to beat the deadlines. Consequently, the student becomes stressed up. Gunnar and Vazquez (2015) demonstrate that this is a significant contributor to stress among campus students. The other academic factor of stress is examinations. Students prove that they deserve a good grade through exams. Many students do extensive research and reading during exam periods to be well conversant with all the course requirement. Often, the pressure is too much and leads to stress. Missing lectures and frustration due misunderstanding are other potential causes of stress in this category. The final major cause of stress to be discussed will be environmental factors. One such factor is lack of vacation or breaks. In situations where students stay in school for long periods before a break, their cognitive ability may become poor. Consequently, the students become tired and no longer feel like studying. In the long run, the students will become stressed up since they lack the zeal to continue studying and learning (Levine, 2017). Another environmental factor of stress is computer problems. The modern society have evolved to an extent where almost every activity requires the use of computer technology. While this has brought a lot of good, it might be a cause of stress to students who do not have the appropriate computer skills. Most of the curriculum needs in the modern day require some computer skills for implementation. Such students could have challenges, feel inferior and result to stress (Zhao, Lei, He, Gu and Li, 2015). Another factor is divorce between parents. So me life occurrence may have major blows especially in the lives of students. When divorce occurs, most students become unhappy and start figuring out how good thing would have been if the parents were still together. With time, this unhappiness accumulates and results to stress. Last to be discussed in this section is future worries. Thinking about the future breeds worries in the minds of many students. The students cant help imagining how it will be after school. This could be especially aggravated in situation where getting a job is not an easy (Spielberger, Sarason, Kulcsar and Van, 2015). The hope of most students is get a job after school and impact the society positively. When the thought that this might not happen creeps their minds, they tend to be stressed up. Stress Management Techniques As seen above it is practically impossible to avoid stress. If not monitored and managed stress could have dire consequences. for instance, it could lead to deteriorated physical, emotional and psychological well-being. Stress can make one chronically unhappy and lead to depression. The good news however, is that stress can effectively be managed. This is very important for students as it would come in handy to help increase their level of happiness and have better grades. There are some ways in which a person can ensure that they deal with stressors effectively to avoid being stressed up. Some of the ways are going to be discussed next. There are some measures that have been put in place by the university that contribute to stress relief. These activities include international days. During these days students and persons from different institutions and parts of the world gather together. During international days the student gets a chance to interact with and learn from persons of diverse cultures and backgrounds. As a result, the student has some time off class where they do not have some workload and assignments to think about. The students mind is refreshed and any stress that they might have is significantly reduced. During such events there are also performances that are done and some speakers who talk to the gatherings. Most of the activities are not academic related. Consequently, it could be viewed as a time when the student has some time on their own to interact, learn and have fun. The other activities besides the international days are gaming and exercise. The Tournament capital centre provides facilities for gaming and exercise. These include gyms, pools and arenas. Exercise and gaming are some of the best methods that a student can use to get relief from stress. Psychologists have described exercise as meditation in motion and helps in optimal bodily functioning. In addition to relieving stress, these activities help one to keep fit and prevent some chronic illnesses such as diabetes and some types of cancer whose occurrence would have aggravated stress. Exercise relieves stress in the following ways: increasing the production of endorphins which are endorphins that lead to euphoric feeling, it is meditation in motion and helps one forget previous awful experiences and helps improve mood and self-confidence. Some other ways through which the student can relieve stress are going to be discussed next. Meditation is one of the other methods. This could be a very effective way of managing stress especially where mindfulness is involved (Sharma and Rush, 2014). This means completely leaving the worries of the future and awful past experiences and focus on what is happening now. It might not be easy when starting as one might wander off but with regular practice, it becomes a great way of relieving stress. When done periodically, meditation strengthens the region of the brain associated with joy and relaxation (Goyal et al, 2014). It would therefore be true to conclude that regular meditation is a great and effective way of attaining stress relief. The other way through which a student can get stress relief is through getting social support (Kulsoom and Afsar, 2015). As the famous adage goes, a problem half shared is half solved. Psychological studies have shown that when a person shares something troubling them with a trusted person, the chances of recovery from the troubling situation significantly improves. Social support could be gained by calling a friend or even sending an email. The key in this is sharing with someone who can be trusted. When the issue is enormous, it might be important to seek help from a professional counsellor (Powell and Enright, 2015). These are trained on how to help people and one of their professional duty is to maintain confidentiality. It could therefore be a good idea to get professional help from them. Another method of relieving stress is deep breathing. Research has demonstrated that deep breathing clears the mind and releases any tension that the body might have. According to Greenberg (2017) we tend to breath shallowly when anxious or under stressful situations and most of the times we do not even notice it. The shallow breathing may cause fewer oxygen to get to the lungs and consequently other parts of the body. This may aggravate the stress further. Deep breathing alleviates this stress. The deeper a breath is, the less anxious one is. The last method to be discussed will be taking a break from the stressor. This might seem difficult, but it is one of the strategies to attain relief from stress. This could involve getting away from a big work project from some time, or even walking away from a crying baby. Once you get away from the stressor, it is helpful to do things that one enjoys such as listening to music (Seaward, 2017). This is different from running away from the real issue. It is just taking some time off and then going back to deal with the real issue once composed. It is a great way of attaining stress relief. Conclusion As seen from the observations above, stress is any circumstance or event that poses some threat or demand upon us. Stress can be caused by either positive events or negative ones. It is practically impossible to completely avoid stress. With proper management of stress, one can lead a normal and fulfilling life. University students have a special set of stressors that significantly affect their academic life. These include: relationships, for example sexual abuse or financial exploitation by someone who the student has some form of connection; academic factors such as procrastination, heavy work load and examinations; personal factors such as drastic change in sleeping habits and a change in the living environment and environmental factors such as inadequate skills of computer use, parents divorce and worrying about the future. The good news is that studies have established effective ways of managing stressful situations and leading satisfying lives. The methods of stress relief incl ude meditation, seeking social support from a trusted person or even a professional counsellor, taking some time to be away from the stressor and deep breathing. Recommendations First, the university management should make more room for courses that pertain to stress management and organize forums and campaigns to sensitize the students about effective methods of managing stress. Secondly, the student leadership should collaborate with department of sports and games to organize games and social programmes for students. Thirdly, there should be close interaction and collaboration between students and the academic stuff when planning on how to go about the intensive courses of the semester. Fourth, guidance and counselling unit should be integrated with the university management to offer help to students. Preferably, some students should be trained on how to help their peers as this has proved to be more effective. Fifth, students should have enough time for sleep and exercise. In addition, good eating habits should be encouraged. Sixth, during lectures that take long hours, some creative games could be used to engage the students. This will help them have som e relief and increase their attention. Lastly, students should create a good balance between studying and working to avoid stress. References Beiter, R., Nash, R., McCrady, M., Rhoades, D., Linscomb, M., Clarahan, M., Sammut, S. (2015). The prevalence and correlates of depression, anxiety, and stress in a sample of college students.Journal of affective disorders,173, 90-96. Boss, P., Bryant, C. M., Mancini, J. A. (2016).Family stress management: A contextual approach. Sage Publications. Certo, S. (2015).Supervision: Concepts and skill-building. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Dexter, L. R., Huff, K., Rudecki, M., Abraham, S. (2018). College Students Stress Coping Behaviors and Perception of Stress-Effects Holistically.International Journal of Studies in Nursing,3(2), 1. Gonzalez, M. J., Miranda-Massari, J. R. (2014). Diet and stress.Psychiatric Clinics,37(4), 579-589. Goyal, M., Singh, S., Sibinga, E. M., Gould, N. F., Rowland-Seymour, A., Sharma, R., ... Ranasinghe, P. D. (2014). Meditation programs for psychological stress and well-being: a systematic review and meta-analysis.JAMA internal medicine,174(3), 357-368. Greenberg, J. S. (2017).Comprehensive stress management. McGraw-Hill Education. Gunnar, M. R., Vazquez, D. (2015). Stress neurobiology and developmental psychopathology. InDevelopmental neuroscience. John Wiley and Sons Ltd. Heckman, S., Lim, H., Montalto, C. (2014). Factors related to financial stress among college students.Journal of Financial Therapy,5(1), 3. Ju, B., Trebinjac, S., Bannon, L., Papaconstantinou, M. (2017). How much stress is enough for students when re-designing the curriculum and courses?. Kulsoom, B., Afsar, N. A. (2015). Stress, anxiety, and depression among medical students in a multiethnic setting.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment,11, 1713. Kumar, A., Meena, R., Meena, V. S., Bisht, J. K., Pattanayak, A. (2016). Towards the stress management and environmental sustainability. Levine, S. (2017).Social stress. Routledge. Pelletier, J. E., Lytle, L. A., Laska, M. N. (2016). Stress, health risk behaviors, and weight status among community college students.Health Education Behavior,43(2), 139-144. Powell, T. J., Enright, S. J. (2015).Anxiety and stress management. Routledge. Seaward, B. L. (2017).Managing stress. Jones Bartlett Learning. Sharma, M., Rush, S. E. (2014). Mindfulness-based stress reduction as a stress management intervention for healthy individuals: a systematic review.Journal of evidence-based complementary alternative medicine,19(4), 271-286. Zeytinoglu, I. U., Denton, M., Brookman, C., Davies, S., Sayin, F. K. (2017). Health and safety matters! Associations between organizational practices and personal support workers life and work stress in Ontario, Canada.BMC health services research,17(1), 427. Zhao, F. F., Lei, X. L., He, W., Gu, Y. H., Li, D. W. (2015). The study of perceived stress, coping strategy and self?efficacy of Chinese undergraduate nursing students in clinical practice.International journal of nursing practice,21(4), 401-409. LouiseMartin904http://www.blogger.com/profile/17306636819628620311noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1778330841667363018.post-73620603536457330702019-12-01T12:37:00.001-08:002019-12-01T12:37:03.535-08:00The importance of information systems Essay Example For Students The importance of information systems Essay Outline1 1. Executive Summary2 2. The construct of information in Organization3 3. Information Management in Organizations4 4. The construct of Information Systems5 5. Importance of Information System in Organizations6 1 Economic Importance:7 2. Information Systems Improve Performance:8 3. Importance in Decision Making:9 4. Organizational Behavior Change:10 6. Case Study Illustration11 6.1 Volvo Group and Knowledge Management12 Discussion13 Problems with Information Systems14 Decision15 Mentions ; 1. Executive Summary In concern universe there is no replacement for right information at right clip. It is apparent that in last twosome of decennaries efforts has been made to develop systems which make information more precise, readily available and easy accessible throughout the administration. The development and usage of information systems is a modern tendency which is chiefly concerned with the aggregation, procedure and dissimilation of utile information that directs an administration for better planning, better determination devising and finally the better consequences. We will write a custom essay on The importance of information systems specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Information systems and information direction is a huge topic. In order to discourse the importance of information systems for an organisation, the cardinal constructs like what is information, how it can be managed must be acknowledged. In this essay there will be brief debuts of these cardinal constructs and so there will be a instance survey of Volvo s Knowledge Management System, the VPS which highlight the importance of information system and information direction in an organisation. Furthermore, it is non ever without a enlistment to follow and appreciate a new construct and information systems are no different. There are some issues and jobs in put ining and utilizing such systems which once more vary one administration to another. This essay will besides touch upon those troubles every bit good. 2. The construct of information in Organization The universe information has different use in different contexts but in organisational context it becomes more complex and hard to grok. Zorkoczy ( 1981 ) defines information ââ¬Å"as the significance that a human expresses by, or infusions from, representations of facts and thoughts, by agencies of the known conventions of the representations usedâ⬠. On the other manus in organisational context, Stonecash ( 1981 ) defines information by saying that ââ¬Å"information is merely symbols ( informations, text, images, voices, etc. ) that convey intending through their comparative ordination, timing, form, context, etc. information is the natural stuff for doing determinations for making cognition and fuelling the modern organizationâ⬠. In organisational context, information becomes more like a basic resource similar to work forces, stuff and money. Information is the adhering component that holds an organisation together. On the reverse, since it is intangible, information is rather different for physical resources and is frequently hard to construe and use in expeditiously in order to accomplish desirable results from the oragnisation. However, it is an built-in portion of organisation and should be decently managed to accomplish ends and aims of the organisation ( W.B. Adeoti-Adekeye, 1997 ) . Hence, it is importance to admit the importance of information in the organisational public presentation. 3. Information Management in Organizations Many bookmans have recognized the fact that right information and its flow with in the organisation can drastically better the public presentation and achieve stipulated aims with easiness. But at the same clip it is of import to observe that there is no point of holding information which is non relevant to the organisaton. This is the point where information direction comes in to play. The premier aim of information direction is to do relevant information readily available for the administration in precise and comprehendible format. Langemo, ( 1980 ) has defined Information direction as the ââ¬Å"organization-wide capableness of making, keeping, recovering and doing instantly available the right information, in the right topographic point, at the right clip, in custodies of the right people, at the lowest cost, in the best media, for usage in determination making.â⬠Besides Best ( 1988 ) defines information direction as ââ¬Å"the economic, efficient and effectual co-ordination of the production, control, storage and retrieval and airing of information from external and internal beginnings, in order to better the public presentation of the organization.â⬠4. The construct of Information Systems Ever since its innovation, computing machines are going built-in portion of worlds and worlds are going more and more dependent on the services offered by them. In words of W.B Adeoti-Adekeye ( 1997 ) ââ¬Å"the promotions in computing machine engineering have escalated adult male s desire to obtain computing machine aid in work outing day-to-day jobs and more complex jobs: jobs which were considered entirely in the sphere of adult male s intuitive and judgmental procedures, peculiarly in organisations, a few old ages ago. Therefore, information systems are going country of involvement in progressive and dynamic organisations. The demand to obtain entree handily, rapidly and economically makes it imperative to invent processs for the creative activity, direction and use of databases in organizations.â⬠Duff and Assad ( 1980 ) , has defined the information system as ââ¬Å"a aggregation of people, processs, a base of informations and ( sometimes ) hardware and package that collects, procedures, shops and communicates informations for dealing processing at operational degree and information to back up Management determination making.â⬠In general footings, Information Systems can be defined as a set of interconnected constituents which accept informations or information ( meaningful informations ) as a natural stuff shop and so treat it to bring forth information as a merchandise to help and back up in determination devising and commanding activities of the organisation. The Information System contains information about the organisation and its environing environment every bit good. The environing environment includes clients, supplies, rivals and other stakeholders of the organisation. The basic three activities input, processing and end product generate the meaningful information that organisation demand. There is another indispensable component of system known as feedback. It is end product returned to allow governments in the organisation to measure input ( Laudon and Laudon 2006 9th Ed. ) . It can be represented in figure as follows ; through one or more transubstantiation procedures It comprises the undermentioned functional elements which relate to the organisation and its environment .uceef6e057e76bad1859f34f59c41a848 , .uceef6e057e76bad1859f34f59c41a848 .postImageUrl , .uceef6e057e76bad1859f34f59c41a848 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uceef6e057e76bad1859f34f59c41a848 , .uceef6e057e76bad1859f34f59c41a848:hover , .uceef6e057e76bad1859f34f59c41a848:visited , .uceef6e057e76bad1859f34f59c41a848:active { border:0!important; } .uceef6e057e76bad1859f34f59c41a848 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uceef6e057e76bad1859f34f59c41a848 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uceef6e057e76bad1859f34f59c41a848:active , .uceef6e057e76bad1859f34f59c41a848:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uceef6e057e76bad1859f34f59c41a848 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uceef6e057e76bad1859f34f59c41a848 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uceef6e057e76bad1859f34f59c41a848 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uceef6e057e76bad1859f34f59c41a848 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uceef6e057e76bad1859f34f59c41a848:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uceef6e057e76bad1859f34f59c41a848 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uceef6e057e76bad1859f34f59c41a848 .uceef6e057e76bad1859f34f59c41a848-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uceef6e057e76bad1859f34f59c41a848:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Pride And Prejudice (823 words) Essay5. Importance of Information System in Organizations Directors must hold relevant information that increases their cognition of internal procedures and external concern environment. This cognition reduces the grade of uncertainness and makes managerial determinations more rational and practical. Without relevant information most of the determinations made by directors will be like test and mistakes, which in bends decrease the efficiency and profitableness and increase the uncertainness with in the organisation. The chief benefits if an information system can be discussed as follows: 1 Economic Importance: Even though the cost of installing and care of an information system rather high ( depends upon sort of system ) in the beginning, but in due class the costs beads and appears just trade when compared to sorts of benefits enjoyed with the aid of it. Besides with the transition of clip cost of information systems tends to diminish, whereas, costs of its replacements ( for case labor ) has been historically tends to lift ( Laudon, 1990 ) . Furthermore, information systems use webs, which help an organisation to cut down the dealing costs, by doing it worthwhile for organisation to contract external providers alternatively of utilizing internal resources. For case, the Chrysler Corporation reduces costs by obtaining more than 70 % of its parts from other provider by utilizing computing machine links ( Laudon and Laudon, 9th Ed. ) . 2. Information Systems Improve Performance: Information Systems are designed to better the overall efficiency and effectivity of a procedure. The information systems speed up the procedure and cut down the clip by taking non-value adding stairss in the operation. For case, Citibank developed the Automatic Teller Machines and Bank Debit Cards in 1977 ( Laudon and Laudon 9th Ed. ) . It made fiscal minutess easy and was a immense success. Further, Bankss continued to introduce and these yearss with the aid of dependable and unafraid information systems from TEMENOS, Infosys, Oracle etc, most of the client can make bulk of dealing from their place computing machine or even from nomadic telephone. Furthermore, information systems provide existent clip information which reduces the range of mistakes, hence, increases the quality of the end product of the procedure. 3. Importance in Decision Making: Information Systems provides the tools for directors enabling them to supervise, program and prognosis with more preciseness and velocity so of all time earlier. They besides enable directors to react more quickly and adapt fleetly to the fast changing concern environment. The Decision Support Systems can significantly better consequences both on quantitative and qualitative foreparts. For case, there are around 142 million employees working in United States bring forthing $ 12.2 trillion of Gross Domestic Products. If the determination doing quality of these employees could be improved by merely 1 % in a twelvemonth the GDP might be expand well. ââ¬Å"This implies for any organisation the ability of director or employees to do right determination at right clip with the aid of right information can hold extraordinary concern valueâ⬠( Laudon and Laudon 9th Ed. ) . 4. Organizational Behavior Change: Behavioral researches illustrate that information systems facilitate flattening of hierarchies by broadening the distribution of information to authorise lower-level employees. It pushes the determination doing rights to the lower degree in the organisation as the lower degree employees receives the information they need to do determinations extinguishing the demand of in-between directors ( Laudon and Laudon 9th Ed. ) . This besides leads to the decrease is the administrative costs of the administration. For illustration, after put ining ERP system Knust-SBO Precision Machining1 of Texas, reduced the administrative staff by 50 % and at the same clip improved the truth of on -time bringings from56.5 % to 95 % . 6. Case Study Illustration The efficient public presentation of an organisation is dependent really much on the public presentation of the internal resources of organisation and their synchronism with external environment. To exemplify the usage and importance of a direction information system in organisational public presentation the undermentioned illustration of Volvo from Pull offing Knowledge in MNCs-The instance of the cognition direction enterprise in the Volvo Group by Sona Gevorgyan and Boban Ivanovski ( 2009 ) will show that how Volvo achieved superior public presentations by deploying their Knowledge direction system. 6.1 Volvo Group and Knowledge Management The Volvo Group is one of the leaders in its industry with production installations in 19 and gross revenues in more than 180 states. In 2008 it employed more than 90,000 employees worldwide bulk located in Sweden, France, USA, Japan, Brazil, China, and South Korea. The industry in which Volvo Group operates is extremely engineering driven and cognition intensive. Its merchandise scope comprises building equipment, trucks and coachs, aircraft engine constituents, thrust system for Marine and industrial applications. Since it operates globally the Group is comprised of legion subordinates, known as merchandise related Business Areas ( BA ) and back uping Business Units ( BU ) . The major map of Business country is to industries merchandises, whereas Business Unit of measurements are responsible for procurance, merchandise planning s and fiscal facets of the concern. As the Group continued to turn, it recognized that the diverseness that the subordinates represent could function as chance to use all the cognition within the Volvo Group. The group acknowledged demand of the planetary Knowledge Management System which could assist in extinguishing waste of resources in footings of animating cognition in one subordinate, while already possessing it in another. Furthermore, such enterprise could potentially function as agencies of detecting new synergisms in the Group that may take to smooth and efficient operation of the Group s activities. Hence, the Volvo Production System Academy was launched in 2008, taking to set about and back up such a common group Knowledge Management enterprise ( Gevorgyan Ivanovski,2009 ) . Knowledge Management Systems are designed to hive away and treat the cognition available in organisations ( Wickramasinghe, 2003 ) , and at the same time back up contextualized application of that cognition ( Maier, 2004 ) . Workers are meant to utilize this engineering in sharing information about past experiences and doing sense of this information, while executing their undertakings ( Wickramasinghe, 2003 ) . Volvo Production System Academy ( VPSA ) is the Centre for research, development and invention in the Volvo Group. The Academy is meant to represents a cardinal research and development unit which provides the basicss for the KM enterprises. It developed the Knowledge Management System for the Group, the Volvo Production System. .u8f38bfa3e73c462c0b6f30baf288bf3b , .u8f38bfa3e73c462c0b6f30baf288bf3b .postImageUrl , .u8f38bfa3e73c462c0b6f30baf288bf3b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u8f38bfa3e73c462c0b6f30baf288bf3b , .u8f38bfa3e73c462c0b6f30baf288bf3b:hover , .u8f38bfa3e73c462c0b6f30baf288bf3b:visited , .u8f38bfa3e73c462c0b6f30baf288bf3b:active { border:0!important; } .u8f38bfa3e73c462c0b6f30baf288bf3b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u8f38bfa3e73c462c0b6f30baf288bf3b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u8f38bfa3e73c462c0b6f30baf288bf3b:active , .u8f38bfa3e73c462c0b6f30baf288bf3b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u8f38bfa3e73c462c0b6f30baf288bf3b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u8f38bfa3e73c462c0b6f30baf288bf3b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u8f38bfa3e73c462c0b6f30baf288bf3b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u8f38bfa3e73c462c0b6f30baf288bf3b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u8f38bfa3e73c462c0b6f30baf288bf3b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u8f38bfa3e73c462c0b6f30baf288bf3b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u8f38bfa3e73c462c0b6f30baf288bf3b .u8f38bfa3e73c462c0b6f30baf288bf3b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u8f38bfa3e73c462c0b6f30baf288bf3b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Diabetes EssayThe premise is that operational excellence, sustainable profitableness and client satisfaction is more likely to accomplish if the workers operate in conformity with the VPS guidelines. The VPS theoretical account is described in item through internal paperss known as Reference Material, stored in cardinal database and provided through the VPSA Intranet portal. The database and the Intranet portal on which the information from the database is available, represents the nucleus of the KMS provided by VPSA. The ââ¬Ëgood illustration of VPS theoretical account is an indispensable portion of the feedback and larning facet of the theoretical account. It is repr esents a ocular illustration of exceeding executing of a specific faculty described in the VPS theoretical account, this acts as a communicating tool to promote employees to reiterate the desirable behaviour. Good illustrations from assorted mills are stored in the cardinal database in add-on to the rules, and available on the Intranet portal. The good illustrations are either submitted by the mills and so quality-proofed by VPSA, or spotted in the appraisals that VPSA behaviors. By sharing them through the Intranet portal, good illustrations are meant to function mills from different subordinates to locally implement the VPS faculties by working common synergisms and larning from each other s cognition and experiences. ( Gevorgyan Ivanovski,2009 ) Discussion The Knowledge Management Systems are one of the most complex information systems. The Volvo Group has realized that their merchandise and services are non limited to physical resources but besides on the intangible assets i.e. cognition. Since it operates globally and most of its concern unit are geographically, demographically and culturally dispersed, therefore it was utterly of import for the Group to synchronies its cognition and do it available wherever and whenever it is needed to back up the concern procedures and managerial determinations. The Group achieved it with the aid of an information system, the Volvo Production System. However, put ining an information system does non automatically ensue in success, unless uninterrupted engagement of all single workers in procedures is ensured. In this instance workers have struggled ab initio to get by up with the alterations the system brought in, but the strong organisational civilization motivated them to acquire involved in the procedure. Problems with Information Systems There might be different grounds, but despite of many success narratives there are illustrations of great failure of implementing information systems in organisations. For case ( web resource1 ) ; Hershey Foods The taking cocoa maker in United States accounted 19 % bead in net incomes was caused by an unqualified SAP ERP installing that caused distribution upset during one of its most profitable seasons. AA FoxMeyer Drug s The pharmaceutical distribution company was forced to declare bankruptcy after an unsuccessful ERP execution. NASA . The ERP system was non able to shut year-end books on a Cal Tech contract which consequences in coevals of inaccurate fiscal studies. Bang and Olufsen In 1999, the Danish Hi-Fi audio- picture shaper claimed that SAP systems has damaged relation with its retail merchants It is frequently argued that most of the issues in ERP systems catastrophes were non proficient but were chiefly related to employee and organisational civilization of the house. Many of the failures can be attributed to hapless managerial pattern in the signifier of unequal preparation ( Pang 2001 ) . The opposition to alter from with in the organisation, deficiency of high flexibleness in footings of customization of information system and inadequate IS execution scheme may be considered as the major factors for such a drastic failure of the information systems in certain instances. Decision It is of import to observe that information direction and information systems are the agencies non the terminal of the procedure. Both are the powerful tools in the manus of direction, which when deployed suitably can convey dramatic alteration in the manner an organisation perform and accomplish its aims. Appropriate use of information systems benefits both the organisation and its employees and its stakeholders. But when misapplied, they can blow enormous sums of clip, attempt, and money. To carry through successful information direction and cut down the opportunities of failure in future, an information system must be designed and operated with due respect to organisational civilization every bit good as technological factors. There should be an equal part from both the concern direction and the information professionals while planing and implementing a new information system. There is no uncertainty that better exchange of ideas between organisational direction and information professionals has the possible to develop information systems which will wholly alter the mentality how we run concern today. Mentions ; Best, D.P. ( 1988 ) , ââ¬Å"The hereafter of information managementâ⬠, International Journal of Information Management, Vol. 8 No. 1, March, pp. 13-24. Duff, W.M. and Asad, M.C. ( 1980 ) , Information Management: An Executive Approach, Oxford University Press, London, p. 243 Langemo, M. ( 1980 ) , ââ¬Å"Records management/word treating a needful squad effortâ⬠, Records Management Quarterly, Vol. 14 No. 4, pp. 10-14. Maier, R. ( 2004 ) . Knowledge direction systems: information and communicating engineerings for cognition direction. Zugl. : Regensburg, Univ. , Habil.-Schr. , 2001. Pang, L. Manager s Guide to Enterprise Resource Planning ( ERP ) Systems information Systems Control Journal, Volume 4, 2001 Sona Gevorgyan and Boban Ivanovski ( 2009 ) Pull offing Knowledge in MNCs-The instance of the cognition direction enterprise in the Volvo Group Stonecash, J.C. ( 1981 ) , ââ¬Å"The IRM showdownâ⬠, Infosystem, Vol. 28 No. 10, pp. 42-8. W.B. Adeoti-Adekeye ( 1997 ) ââ¬Å"The importance of direction information systemsâ⬠Library Review, Vol. 46 No. 5, page 318-327. MCB University Press, 0024-2535. Wickramasinghe, Nilmini ( 2003 ) . ââ¬Å"Do We Practice What We Preach? Are KnowledgeManagement Systems in Practice Truly Reflective of Knowledge Management Systems in Theory? â⬠. Business Process Management Journal, 9 ( 3 ) : 295-316. Zoikoczy, P. ( 1981 ) , Information Technology: An Introduction, Pitman, London, p. 157 1The New ERP System Halves the Administrative Staff, Modern Machine Shop, Feb2002, Vol. 74, p142 LouiseMartin904http://www.blogger.com/profile/17306636819628620311noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1778330841667363018.post-3325649776437013472019-11-26T16:32:00.001-08:002019-11-26T16:32:02.948-08:00Gay and Lesbian Studies EssayGay and Lesbian Studies Essay If you are assigned to write a paper on gay and lesbian studies ââ¬â you will have to mould your own personal opinion on this matter as well as prove your opinion by providing vivid examples and strong argumentation. Gay and lesbian essay has to be a paper showing either tolerance of gay and lesbian relationships or disapproval on the contrary. Basically, a gay and lesbian essay ââ¬â is written for you to be able to think and convince the reader of your opinion. In order to succeed in this assignment ââ¬â your academic paper should be logical and well balanced. The message that you want to deliver in your essay, term paper, research paper should not cause any objections, and if it does ââ¬â these objections need to be forecasted and addressed. Another good technique in writing a paper of this type ââ¬â is to show all the pros and cons of gay and lesbian relationships. You need to be able to observe the gay and lesbian relationships from the inside, and try thinking the way gays and lesbians do. Only if you manage to do so ââ¬â you will be able to claim yourself as a neutral party. There is no better argumentation than history. You can easily make history and historical events prove your point, without taking into consideration of are you for or against gay and lesbian relationships. Why not have an expert writer write your custom gay and lesbian studies paper for you? You can delegate your assignment to CustomWritings.com, and we will pleasantly amaze you with the quality of our custom written papers. CustomWritings.com can help you with this assignment. Many of our writers are proficient in gay and lesbian relations studies, and we can write the custom paper for you. If you think that this paper is simply unbearable ââ¬â try asking CustomWritings.com for help. LouiseMartin904http://www.blogger.com/profile/17306636819628620311noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1778330841667363018.post-51003667635384528242019-11-23T00:06:00.001-08:002019-11-23T00:06:02.952-08:00Italian Phrases for Shopping in ItalyItalian Phrases for Shopping in Italy When you arrive in Italy, shopping in any context- like at the bakery, the pharmacy, or just any negozio (store)- is inevitable. Plus, who doesnââ¬â¢t bring home a suitcase brimming with local oils and products that read ââ¬Å"Made in Italyâ⬠? With that in mind, here are the basic phrases you need to know that can help you get by in any shopping situation. General Shopping Phrases/Vocabulary Quantââ¬â¢Ã ¨? - How much is it?Quanto costa? - How much is it?Quanto spendo? - How much do I spend? TIP: Use ââ¬Å"quantââ¬â¢Ã ¨Ã¢â¬ or ââ¬Å"quanto spendoâ⬠when you have many items and ââ¬Å"quanto costaâ⬠when you have just one item. Posso pagare con il bancomat? - Can I pay with my debit card?Accettate carte di credito? - Do you (all) accept credit cards?Accettiamo soltanto i contanti. - We only accept cash.Sto cercandoâ⬠¦ - Iââ¬â¢m looking forâ⬠¦ TIP: Notice that the phrase above does not use any preposition like ââ¬Å"perâ⬠, for example, to stand in as ââ¬Å"forâ⬠. Some phrases in Italian donââ¬â¢t need the preposition in the same way that we do in English, which serves as just another friendly reminder to be careful about directly translating from English to Italian. Sto solo guardando. - Iââ¬â¢m just looking.Poi? - Anything else?Qualcosââ¬â¢altro? - Something else?Basta cosà ¬. - Thatââ¬â¢s all.Vorreiâ⬠¦, per favore. - I would likeâ⬠¦, please.Prendoâ⬠¦ - Iââ¬â¢ll takeâ⬠¦Ha bisogno di aiuto? - Do you need help? (formal)Mi piace. - I like it.Non mi piace. - I donââ¬â¢t like it. TIP: If the object you like or donââ¬â¢t like from the above two phrases is plural, like ââ¬Å"le scarpe - the shoesâ⬠, then say instead ââ¬Å"Mi piaccionoâ⬠or ââ¬Å"Non mi piaccionoâ⬠. ÃË troppo caro. - Itââ¬â¢s too expensive.Ha qualcosa di meno costoso? - Do you have anything cheaper? (formal)ÃË un regalo. - Itââ¬â¢s a gift.Vuole la confezione regalo? - Would you like it gift-wrapped? (formal)ÃË fatto a mano.à - Itââ¬â¢s handmade.ÃË artigianale.à - Itââ¬â¢s artisanal/small-scale.La commessa - Shop assistant Phrases for Shopping at a Market Whether youââ¬â¢re going to un mercato allââ¬â¢aperto (an open-air market) or un supermercato (a supermarket), these phrases will help you navigate the experience. Quanto costa al chilo? - How much does it cost per kilo?Quelli come si chiamano? - What are those called?Un etto diâ⬠¦(agnello). - 100 grams ofâ⬠¦(lamb).Come si puà ² cucinareâ⬠¦(il vitello)? - How does one cookâ⬠¦(veal)?(Otto) fette diâ⬠¦(prosciutto cotto), per favore. - (8) slices of...(cooked prosciutto), please.Avete...(le patate)? - Do you haveâ⬠¦(potatoes)?Posso assaggiare (il pecorino), per favore? - Can I try (the pecorino), please? Phrases for Shopping at a Clothing Store Use these phrases to help you confidently shop for clothing and accessories from the trendiest shops on il corso (the main street) to i mercati delle pulci (flea markets). Sono/Porto/Indosso una tagliaâ⬠¦(media). - Iââ¬â¢m a medium.Vuole provarlo? - Do you want to try it on?Vorrei provare questi, dove sono i camerini?- Iââ¬â¢d like to try these on, where are the fitting rooms? TIP: In the phrase above, ââ¬Å"loâ⬠would be used if the item were singular and masculine, like il vestito - the dress. However, if it were singular and feminine, like la sciarpa - the scarf, it would be ââ¬Å"Vuole provarlaâ⬠? While itââ¬â¢s important to make everything agree, donââ¬â¢t stress if you canââ¬â¢t remember the gender of the object you have. Youââ¬â¢ll be safe with using the pronoun ââ¬Å"loâ⬠. Dove sono i camerini? - Where are the fitting rooms?Non mi sta bene. - It doesnââ¬â¢t fit me well.ÃË comodo. - Itââ¬â¢s comfortable.Questi (stivali) sono scomodi. - These (boots) are uncomfortable.Preferisco (la rosa). - I prefer pink.Vorrei cambiare questo, per favore. - I would like to exchange this, please.Stai veramente bene con (quel vestito). - You look great in that dress. (informal)Lââ¬â¢alta moda - High fashion To get a more detailed description of how to shop for clothes in Italy, check out this article. Types of Stores There are an endless amount of specialty shops in Italy, so here are the names of each of the most popular ones in case you need to ask on how to get to one or need a recommendation. Il centro commerciale - Shopping centerLa bottega - WorkshopIl negozio - StoreIl negozio dellââ¬â¢usato - Second-hand storeLââ¬â¢edicola - NewsstandLa gioielleria - Jewelry shopLa profumeria - Perfume shopLa libreria - BookshopLa tabaccheria - Tobacco shop TIP: Technically this is a tobacco shop, but it is more of a convenience store where you can cigarettes, magazines, bus tickets, and recharge your phone. Il supermercato - SupermarketLa farmacia - PharmacyLa tintoria - DrycleanersLa pasticciera - Pastry shopLa macelleria- ButcherLa latteria - Milk cheese shopLa panetteria - BakeryLa rosticceria - DelicatessenIl fruttivendolo - GreengrocerLa cartoleria - Stationery shop LouiseMartin904http://www.blogger.com/profile/17306636819628620311noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1778330841667363018.post-74051570375285017212019-11-21T03:45:00.001-08:002019-11-21T03:45:11.806-08:00Article Evaluation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 wordsEvaluation - Article Example p. 50) they primarily assumed depending on the research of Sutton, McKinney, and Hallahan (1992) that school settings affect studentââ¬â¢s performance and therefore, they set the outline of their study on the comparative line among the three types of schools: home school, private school, and public school. As a result, the study apparently loses the rudimentary trait, but other reviews of literatures that Sutton and Galloway refer in their study make a clear and harmonious relation with the purpose of their study. Their literature reviews clearly assess the level of performance and success of these schools. The procedure of the study appears to in fair concordance with the holistic purpose. The researchers prudently selected the participants from the balanced proportional ranges in order to encapsulate the whole country and to avoid the marginal bias. Participants of the study aptly represent the all of the 50 states and 48 foreign countries; though the study must confront the question whether each school individually represented all of the states of the country, the numbers of none of these schools equate the numbers of the states. So the question arises whether the fragmental number of each school fairly represents all of the same types of schools in the whole country. However, the representational integrity of the participants of each school seemed to compensate the lack of the representation of all the schools of the whole country. One hundred and eighty sample students of 1992-3 academic years were taken from the Liberal Arts University and they were compared school-wise with thos e who completed their graduation in 1997. Determining the rate of representation of the students with the use of Chi-square scale and considering the effect of the socioeconomic status of the students the data were intended on an all-embracing set of 40 indicators. Indeed their procedure of the LouiseMartin904http://www.blogger.com/profile/17306636819628620311noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1778330841667363018.post-85748605540469158102019-11-19T14:32:00.001-08:002019-11-19T14:32:04.847-08:00E-government Model Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 wordsE-government Model - Essay Example These studies indicate a definite trend whereby the researchers have utilized various means of analyzing and assessing user behavior to arrive at a logical conclusion regarding the factors influencing them to adopt e-government services offered by the government. For instance, Reddick (2005) has utilized a systematic approach to study the citizen behavior by observing their interaction with the government. Such observation acts an effective tool in analyzing citizen behavior and attitude and affords the researchers in estimating and understanding the concerns and grievances of the citizens and overcome them to achieve desired results. The successful adoption and implementation of any e-government model depends on the attitudes of the users, which in turn is influenced by a combination of factors such as perceived usefulness of the e-government model as well as socio-cultural influences (Chen and Thurmaier, 2005; Kumar et al., 2007; Al-Shehry et al., 2006). According to Venkatesh et a l., (2003) the term social influence refers to "the degree to which peers influence the use of the system". It could be either positive or negative and is the key factor that motivates / de-motivates individuals to adapt to a given situation. Various studies have indicated that the collective culture of a country provides an informative insight into the manner in which people behave and their likely reaction towards a new situation (Carter and Weerakkody, 2008; Dimitrova and Chen, 2006). LouiseMartin904http://www.blogger.com/profile/17306636819628620311noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1778330841667363018.post-79486308133941923262019-11-17T03:04:00.001-08:002019-11-17T03:04:08.648-08:00My philosophy in nursing Essay Example for Free My philosophy in nursing Essay My philosophy in nursing is to uphold the dignity of my patients during their vulnerable time of need, care for the patients physically, emotionally, spiritually, and mentally; current beliefs and values that I try to uphold throughout my life. According to Chitty, philosophy is defined as the study of the principles underlying conduct, thought, and the nature of the universe (p. 318). To determine my philosophy of nursing care I had to reevaluate my beliefs and values. see more:my philosophy of life My values are learned from my personal growth, involvement with family and friends, and respecting others beliefs and opinions. My beliefs are that modern medicine is a great way of healing through research and technology. I believe patients mental and physical health needs should be evaluated and treated if necessary by a healthcare team and support groups. As part of the team, I will care for the patients and their families during distressed times. I will work as an advocate to carry out, to the best of my knowledge and skills, the essential care to provide the best experience in healthcare that each patient and family deserves. I believe nursing care needs to be holistic, nourishing the whole person,à that is, the body, mind and spirit (Chitty, 2007 p. 312); I think that is what defines us as nurses in the healthcare field. It is the nurses responsibility to incorporate our knowledge, skills and available resources, so we can improve our patients quality of life. The American Nurses Association, ANA, defines nursing as the protection, promotion, optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury (Lance, 2007, p. 11). I try to incorporate these elements into my nursing practice; practicing my profession with care, compassion, and humanity. Being able to relate to people of different cultures and backgrounds will allow me to connect with a greater variety of patients and families. I come from an area where there are people from a variety of cultural backgrounds, socioeconomic status, and different spiritual beliefs and we all get along. We spend time together and their families are accepting. These experiences were needed to give me the knowledge to provide heightened nursing care to patients and their families. I believe in the importance of continuing education in nursing. To continue giving proficient patient care, it is important to remain educated on current research and evidence based practice, keeping licensures and certifications current. According to Randell, Tate and Lougheed, it is important to reflect what we do as nurses so we keep learning (p. 62). This allows patients to receive high quality nursing care. I will strive to apply my nursing philosophy to my nursing practice by continuing to reevaluate my beliefs and values as I grow in my profession and as a person. I will continue my education aiming to advance in my nursing practice, but continuing to remember nursings holistic point of view. This will allow me to care for my patients and their families more effectively. I will maintain my own physical, mental and emotional health, so I can continue giving the best care I am capable of to people in need. REFERENCESTC REFERENCES Chitty, K. K. (2007). Professional Nursing Concepts Challenges (5th ed.). St. Louis: Elsevier Inc. Retrieved February 16, 2008, from University of Phoenix Library. Lance, K. (2007). Nurse life care planning. _Virginia Nurses Today,_ 52 (2), 11. Retrieved February 16, 2008, from Ebscohost database. Randell, C. E., Tate B., Lougheed M. (2007). Emancipatory teaching-learning philosophy and practice education in acute care: navigating tensions. _Journal of Nursing,_ 46 (2), 62. Retrieved February 18, 2008, from EBSCOhost database. LouiseMartin904http://www.blogger.com/profile/17306636819628620311noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1778330841667363018.post-25167393414292509492019-11-14T15:36:00.001-08:002019-11-14T15:36:04.653-08:00Short stories Essays -- essays research papers Essay à à à à à The short stories ââ¬Å"The Snows of Kilimanjaroâ⬠and ââ¬Å"The Short Happy Life of Francis Mocomberâ⬠were both written by world renowned author Ernest Hemingway. The two stories are written completely unrelated to each other; however, both stories have vast similarities in the time and place in which they take place. Hemingway is a writer that is very methodical in his word choices. When reading these two stories a second time the reader finds considerable differences in the writing style the author uses in each story. To demonstrate, three sentences from each story will be compared and contrasted to show the differences in word usage, word connotation, and to find which story is written better. The initial pair of these sentences to be looked at are, ââ¬Å"A fourth planed down, to run quick-legged and then waddle slowly toward the others,â⬠from the short story ââ¬Å"The Snows of Kilimanjaro,â⬠and ââ¬Å"On the far bank of the stream M acomber could see, above the trees, vultures circling and plummeting down,â⬠from the story ââ¬Å"The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber.â⬠The subsequent couple of sentences are ââ¬Å"ââ¬â¢You Bitch,ââ¬â¢ he said,â⬠from the ââ¬Å"Snows of Kilimanjaroâ⬠and ââ¬Å"ââ¬â¢Why not let up on the bitchery just a little, Margot,ââ¬â¢ Macomber said, cutting the eland steak and putting some mashed potato, gravy and carrot on the down-turned fork that tined through the piece of meat.â⬠Finally, the third set of sentences are ââ¬Å"She shot very well this good, rich bitch, this kindly destroyer of his talent,â⬠from the story ââ¬Å"Snows of Kilimanjaroâ⬠and ââ¬Å"ââ¬â¢That was a good shot,ââ¬â¢ Wilson said,â⬠from the story, ââ¬Å"A Short Happy Life.â⬠à à à à à The first sentence to be analyzed is, ââ¬Å"A fourth planed down, to run quick-legged and then waddle slowly toward the others,â⬠from the short story ââ¬Å"The Snows of Kilimanjaro.â⬠In this sentence Hemingway is describing the actions of a vulture landing. When compared with its corresponding sentence from the short story ââ¬Å"The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber,â⬠ââ¬Å"On the far bank of the stream Macomber could see, above the trees, vultures circling and plummeting down,â⬠the reader can see similarities in the two sentences. Both sentences have to do with vultures flying and landing. However, there is a significant difference in the authorââ¬â¢s word usage in each. In the first sentence, the word ââ¬Å"planedâ⬠describes the vultures dec... ...â⬠is an adjective, describing the noun ââ¬Å"shot.â⬠Notice that the word ââ¬Å"shotâ⬠is used in different manners. In the first sentence, ââ¬Å"shotâ⬠is an action, a verb, where in the second sentence ââ¬Å"shotâ⬠is a noun. The second sentence is the better than the first. The first sentence is cluttered with descriptive words leaving each word with less value. In the second sentence the word ââ¬Å"goodâ⬠is the focus of the sentence making it a better defined and more coherent sentence. When compared these two sentences are alike only in their differences, for example the meaning of the word ââ¬Å"shotâ⬠in the first sentence and the word ââ¬Å"shotâ⬠in the second sentence are the same words with different perspectives. In conclusion the short story, ââ¬Å"The Short Happy Life of Francis Mocomberâ⬠is the better written of the two short stories by Ernest Hemingway. The authorââ¬â¢s word usage, and connotation in this story, however similar to those in ââ¬Å"The Snows of Kilimanjaro,â⬠makes the reader clearly visualize the images he is trying to illustrate. The three sentences from ââ¬Å"The Short Happy Life of Francis Mocomberâ⬠are all around better written, use better words, and better help the reader imagine the authorââ¬â¢s intentions. LouiseMartin904http://www.blogger.com/profile/17306636819628620311noreply@blogger.com0